Time-Resolved Dosimetry of Pulsed Photon Beams for Radiotherapy Based on Diamond Detector

Pettinato, Sara; Girolami, M.; Olivieri, Riccardo; Stravato, A.; Caruso, C.; Salvatori, S.

doi:10.1109/jsen.2022.3173892

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Synchronous demodulation displayed only a slightly better time resolution, with a bandwidth of about 16 Hz, but with the advantages of compactness and cost effectiveness. Similarly, we also demonstrated in recent works the effectiveness of implementing synchronous integration for the dose-per-pulse monitoring of X-ray [ 8 ] and electron [ 15 ] beams employed in radiotherapy treatments.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…This feature is fundamental in X-ray beam diagnostics where the detection of irradiation anomalies is essential to the quality assurance of medical treatments. Therefore, unlike what can be observed with a conventional electrometerbased measurement technique, the proposed method is reliable, because it does not Finally, the red trace of Figure 12 shows the calculated I rms from Q p data according to Equation (8). Current ranges between 14.75 nA and 15.51 nA, with a mean value of 15.11 nA.…”

Section: Field-testsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Figure 6 shows the results of the calculated charge-per-pulse Qp according to Equation (8). It is worth noting the wide input dynamic range: 0.04-300 pC.…”

Section: Lab Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Best fit of experimental data returns a slope equal to (15.1100 ± 0.0003) nA, in excellent agreement to the expected current amplitude. Finally, the red trace of Figure 12 shows the calculated Irms from Qp data according to Equation (8). Current ranges between 14.75 nA and 15.51 nA, with a mean value of 15.11 nA.…”

Section: Field-testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lock-in amplification is generally exploited as the most typical synchronous demodulation method allowing for high signal-to-noise ratio and good time resolution [ 3 , 4 ]. Gated integrator (GI), also known as “boxcar” [ 5 , 6 ], is a key approach to measure repetitive pulsed signals, and have already demonstrated its effectiveness in both laser beam [ 7 ] and X-ray [ 8 ] diagnostics, as well as in photoluminescence spectroscopy [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accurate Signal Conditioning for Pulsed-Current Synchronous Measurements

Pettinato

Girolami

Rossi

et al. 2022

Sensors

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This paper describes a compact electronic system employing a synchronous demodulation measurement method for the acquisition of pulsed-current signals. The fabricated prototype shows superior performance in terms of signal-to-noise ratio in comparison to conventional instrumentation performing free-running measurements, especially when extremely narrow pulses are concerned. It shows a reading error around 0.1% independently of the signal duty cycle (D) in the investigated D = 10−4–10−3 range. Conversely, high-precision electrometers display reading errors as high as 30% for a D = 10−4, which reduces to less than 1% only for D > 3 × 10−3. Field tests demonstrate that the developed front-end/readout electronics is particularly effective when coupled to dosimeters irradiated with the X-rays sourced by a medical linear accelerator. Therefore, it may surely be exploited for the real-time monitoring of the dosimeter output current, as required in modern radiotherapy techniques employing ultra-narrow pulses of high-energy photons or nuclear particles.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Field-testsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Figure 6 shows the results of the calculated charge-per-pulse Qp according to Equation (8). It is worth noting the wide input dynamic range: 0.04-300 pC.…”

Section: Lab Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Field-testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accurate Signal Conditioning for Pulsed-Current Synchronous Measurements

Pettinato

Girolami

Rossi

et al. 2022

Sensors

Self Cite

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Passive Dosimeters for Radiation Dosimetry: Materials, Mechanisms, and Applications

Yang,

Vrielinck,

Jacobsohn

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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Passive dosimeters enabling accurate measurement of doses from gamma rays to visible light are necessary to ensure efficient utilization of electromagnetic radiation in numerous fields like medical diagnostics and industrial manufacturing. The specific requirements for dosimeters in terms of dosimetry range, sensitivity, accuracy, and stability for each application have led to the development of various dosimeters based on new materials and new mechanisms. Here, a comprehensive review of different types of dosimeters classified according to the response signal, namely electron paramagnetic resonance, electrical, and optical, is provided. This review starts with a general introduction to dosimetry, a classification of dosimeters, and an elucidation of the necessity of dosimeters in various ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum. This is followed by an overview of the fundamental requirements of dosimeters, an explanation of the general dosimetry procedure, and the dosimetric quantities. Emphasis is given to the working mechanism, the design concept, and applications of each type of dosimeter as well as their respective strengths and drawbacks. Challenges and prospects are presented at the end of the review. This review provides an insightful overview of the material‐mechanism‐characteristics‐application relationship of different types of dosimeters that hopefully can serve as inspiration for the development of new devices.

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Technical note: Angular dependence in fiber optic dosimetry using YVO₄:Eu³⁺

et al. 2023

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Background: Fiber optic dosimetry (FOD) has emerged as a useful technique that can be used in those cases when intracavitary, real time, high spatial resolution dose assessment is required. Among the several factors characterizing a dosimeter, angular response of FOD probes has to be assessed in order to consider possible clinical application. Purpose: The objective of this study was to characterize the angular response of a FOD probe based on a cylindrical shaped YVO 4 :Eu 3+ scintillator under irradiation with a 6 MV photon beam generated by a linear accelerator (LINAC). Methods: A FOD probe was irradiated inside a plastic phantom using a 6 MV LINAC photon beam at different azimuthal angles (0 • to 360 • ,15 • steps). Scintillation output was measured with a photomultiplier tube. Similar measurements were performed with a second FOD probe having an optical filter interposed between the scintillator and the fiber. Monte Carlo simulations using PENELOPE were carried out in order to interpret the observed results. Results: The FOD output was symmetrical with respect to the scintillator axis. For the unfiltered probe, the signal was maximum at rear incidence (0 • ) and steadily decreased down to its minimum value at frontal incidence (180 • ) having a signal ratio of 37%. The output of the filtered probe showed a plateau from 15 • up to 115 • . The signal was maximum at 60 • and minimum at 180 • having a signal ratio of 16%. Monte Carlo simulations predicted symmetry of the deposited dose about 0 • and 90 • ,which contrasts with experimental findings. Conclusions: Photoluminescence (PL) of the scintillator induced by the Cherenkov light increases the angular dependence.Radiation attenuation inside the scintillator and partial light collection of the scintillation yield by the optical fiber (OF) are responsible for asymmetrical response. Results from this study should be considered in order to minimize angular dependence in FOD.

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Time-Resolved Dosimetry of Pulsed Photon Beams for Radiotherapy Based on Diamond Detector

Cited by 24 publications

References 35 publications

Accurate Signal Conditioning for Pulsed-Current Synchronous Measurements

Accurate Signal Conditioning for Pulsed-Current Synchronous Measurements

Passive Dosimeters for Radiation Dosimetry: Materials, Mechanisms, and Applications

Technical note: Angular dependence in fiber optic dosimetry using YVO₄:Eu³⁺

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Time-Resolved Dosimetry of Pulsed Photon Beams for Radiotherapy Based on Diamond Detector

Cited by 24 publications

References 35 publications

Accurate Signal Conditioning for Pulsed-Current Synchronous Measurements

Accurate Signal Conditioning for Pulsed-Current Synchronous Measurements

Passive Dosimeters for Radiation Dosimetry: Materials, Mechanisms, and Applications

Technical note: Angular dependence in fiber optic dosimetry using YVO4:Eu3+

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Technical note: Angular dependence in fiber optic dosimetry using YVO₄:Eu³⁺