Time-resolved measurements of electron density and plasma diameter of 1 kHz femtosecond laser filament in air

Zheng, Huiru; Yin, Fukang; Wang, Zhihui; Liu, Yaoxiang; Wei, Yingxia; Zhu, Bin; Zhou, Kainan; Leng, Yuxin

doi:10.3788/col202220.093201

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The spectral bandwidth of the O I (777.19 nm) line was utilized to determine the electron density. The plasma density was estimated by using the FWHM of the spectral line according to the empirical formula [24] ,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulse repetition rate effect on the plasma inside femtosecond laser filament in air

Yin,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Chin. Opt. Lett.

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The characteristics of plasmas play an important role in femtosecond laser filament-based applications. Spectroscopic analysis is used to experimentally investigate the plasma density and its temperature of the air filament under different pulse repetition rates. In our experiments, the measured average plasma density of the filament is 1.54 × 10 17 cm −3 and the temperature of the plasma is about 5100 K under 100 Hz pulse repetition rate. The plasma density decreases to 1.43 × 10 17 cm −3 and the temperature increases to 6230 K as the pulse repetition rate increases to 1000 Hz. The experimental observation agrees with the numerical simulation by solving the nonlinear Schrödinger equations with repetition rate related "low density hole" correction.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulse repetition rate effect on the plasma inside femtosecond laser filament in air

Yin,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Chin. Opt. Lett.

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“…Bethune's work predates the discovery of THz radiation by Hamster and Falcone in 1990 [31]. The typical electron plasma density in an under-dense plasma THz experiment typically spans the range 10 14 1 cm 3 ≤ N e ≤ 10 18 1 cm 3 , yielding a value of 40 fs ≤ T p ≤ 4 ps and a maximum achievable charge separation-induced field of 1 MV/cm when an electron velocity of 0.002*c is considered with 800 nm pumping [108][109][110][111]. In a THz experiment, 1-10 MV/cm peak electric field strengths are attainable while focusing the THz to mm sizes in two-color experiments.…”

Section: Accounting For Tfish and Efishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local measurement of terahertz field-induced second harmonic generation in plasma filaments

Garriga Francis,

Zhang

2023

Front. Optoelectron.

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The concept of Terahertz Field-Induced Second Harmonic (TFISH) Generation is revisited to introduce a single-shot detection scheme based on third order nonlinearities. Focused specifically on the further development of THz plasma-based sources, we begin our research by reimagining the TFISH system to serve as a direct plasma diagnostic. In this work, an optical probe beam is used to mix directly with the strong ponderomotive current associated with laser-induced ionization. A four-wave mixing (FWM) process then generates a strong second-harmonic optical wave because of the mixing of the probe beam with the nonlinear current components oscillating at THz frequencies. The observed conversion efficiency is high enough that for the first time, the TFISH signal appears visible to the human eye. We perform spectral, spatial, and temporal analysis on the detected second-harmonic frequency and show its direct relationship to the nonlinear current. Further, a method to detect incoherent and coherent THz inside plasma filaments is devised using spatio-temporal couplings. The single-shot detection configurations are theoretically described using a combination of expanded FWM models with Kostenbauder and Gaussian Q-matrices. We show that the retrieved temporal traces for THz radiation from single- and two-color laser-induced air-plasma sources match theoretical descriptions very well. High temporal resolution is shown with a detection bandwidth limited only by the spatial extent of the probe laser beam. Large detection bandwidth and temporal characterization is shown for THz radiation confined to under-dense plasma filaments induced by < 100 fs lasers below the relativistic intensity limit. Graphical Abstract

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“…Optical measurement is advanced technique. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Laser absorption spectroscopy based methods are extensively used for trace gas detection. [20][21][22][23][24][25] It has the merits of high sensitivity and high selectivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optical measurement is advanced technique 13–19 . Laser absorption spectroscopy based methods are extensively used for trace gas detection 20–25 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive carbon monoxide detection based on laser absorption spectroscopy with hollow‐core antiresonant fiber

Chen

Qiao

Zhao

et al. 2023

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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A carbon monoxide (CO) sensing system based on hollow‐core antiresonant fiber (HC‐ARF) is developed using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) technology. A HC‐ARF with length of 75 cm is applied as light transmission passage and gas chamber. Compared with conventional multipass cell, HC‐ARF has the advantages of compact volume, low cost, steady transmission, and simple optical alignment. Two techniques of direct absorption spectroscopy (DAS) and wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) were used respectively. In DAS, the minimum detection limit (MDL) was 12251.04 ppm. In WMS, the modulation depth of this HC‐ARF based CO‐TDLAS sensor was optimized to be 0.13 cm−1 and the R‐squared numeric of the linear relationship between the peak of the 2 f signal and the gas concentration was 0.99, indicating that the system has a nice linear responsiveness to the CO gas concentration. Finally, the MDL of the sensor was calculated to be 196.33 ppm.

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Time-resolved measurements of electron density and plasma diameter of 1 kHz femtosecond laser filament in air

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Pulse repetition rate effect on the plasma inside femtosecond laser filament in air

Pulse repetition rate effect on the plasma inside femtosecond laser filament in air

Local measurement of terahertz field-induced second harmonic generation in plasma filaments

Sensitive carbon monoxide detection based on laser absorption spectroscopy with hollow‐core antiresonant fiber

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