Time-resolving and energy-dispersive photoelectron detector for combined laser and synchrotron radiation experiments

Abstract

A time-resolving and energy-dispersive photoelectron detector for time-resolved experiments has been set up for pump–multiple-probe experiments with combined laser and synchrotron radiation. The time resolution of the detector of about 1 ns allows an assignment of the photoelectron signal to a specific synchrotron radiation pulse for any filling pattern of third-generation synchrotron storage rings. This leads to an overall temporal resolution given by the synchrotron radiation pulse width, which is 30 ps at the synchrotron radiation facility BESSY, Berlin. Application of the pump–multiple-probe technique is demonstrated for time-resolved photoemission experiments with combined laser and synchrotron radiation.

Conformational and nuclear dynamics effects in molecular Auger spectra: fluorine core-hole decay in CF4

“…In perspective, it would even be possible to recover the full time-of-flight resolution accessible when BESSY is operating in the single bunch mode, by compensating for the time broadening in the data analysis (see data in panel (c)). This point was also discussed by other authors [26]. The functional dependence of the transition time through the hemispheres on Auger kinetic energy, seen as the slope of the ripples in the ε au vs. t au map, is corrected for in the data analysis [7,25].…”

Nonequilibrium Magnetization Dynamics of Gadolinium Studied by Magnetic Linear Dichroism in Time-Resolved4fCore-Level Photoemission

“…Photoelectrons from every sixth synchrotron pulse are selected by an electronic gate set in a time-of-flight multiprobe scheme and are detected after a hemispherical electron analyzer. The overall jitter is below 10 ps [21]. Epitaxial Gd(0001) films of 100 Å thickness, with the easy axis in plane, have been grown on W(110) [10].…”

Photoelectron–Auger electron coincidence spectroscopy of free molecules: New experiments

“…In practice, the hemispherical analyser is set to detect (fast) Auger electrons, such that comparatively large pass energies (typically 75-300 eV) can be used. This helps in the reduction of the time-of-flight spread for the trajectories within the analyser, as discussed in detail below (see also [26][42] [43]). Thus, referring the photoelectron arrival times to the Auger arrival times allows the experiment to be carried out in multibunch mode, with a greatly improved true-to-random ratio, but at the expense of a slight reduction of time resolution, and thus energy resolution of the photoelectron.…”