Time-Response-Histogram-Based Feature of Magnetic Barkhausen Noise for Material Characterization Considering Influences of Grain and Grain Boundary under In Situ Tensile Test

Abstract

Stress is the crucial factor of ferromagnetic material failure origin. However, the nondestructive test methods to analyze the ferromagnetic material properties’ inhomogeneity on the microscopic scale with stress have not been obtained so far. In this study, magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) signals on different silicon steel sheet locations under in situ tensile tests were detected by a high-spatial-resolution magnetic probe. The domain-wall (DW) motion, grain, and grain boundary were detected using a magneto-optical Kerr (MOKE) image. The time characteristic of DW motion and MBN signals on different locations was varied during elastic deformation. Therefore, a time-response histogram is proposed in this work to show different DW motions inside the grain and around the grain boundary under low tensile stress. In order to separate the variation of magnetic properties affected by the grain and grain boundary under low tensile stress corresponding to MBN excitation, time-division was carried out to extract the root-mean-square (RMS), mean, and peak in the optimized time interval. The time-response histogram of MBN evaluated the silicon steel sheet’s inhomogeneous material properties, and provided a theoretical and experimental reference for ferromagnetic material properties under stress.

Magnetic Barkhausen Noise Transient Analysis for Microstructure Evolution Characterization with Tensile Stress in Elastic and Plastic Status

“…The DW motion in magnetization occurring over a given time interval relates to Barkhausen activities. A pick-up coil wound around the ferromagnetic sample detects MBN V MBN (t) during the magnetization M of the material, which takes place under the action of an alternating external field H [24]. The magnetization M is homogeneous within the sample.…”

“…From Figure 7a,b), when stress is 0 MPa, intensity values are different on different locations. The intensity reflects the amplitude of the MBN, which is affected by material manufacturing [24]. When the tensile stress is 0 MPa, the material manufacturing of the sample affects the DW motion velocity of the sample, which affects the amplitude of MBN [24,43].…”

“…The intensity reflects the amplitude of the MBN, which is affected by material manufacturing [24]. When the tensile stress is 0 MPa, the material manufacturing of the sample affects the DW motion velocity of the sample, which affects the amplitude of MBN [24,43]. Thus, the size of Barkhausen events and the intensity of frequency spectrum without stress is different.…”

“…The schematic shown in Figure 9 illustrates the relationship between DW distribution and the GB under stress in the elastic and plastic ranges. From Figure 8, GBs of the sample are not always straight, but can be curved or zigzag-shaped [24], which cause an inhomogeneity on MBN transient eigenvalues (T σ and I NT σ ). The contribution of GB to MBN signal is made relatively during the magnetization process under stress because the GB play more important roles for magnetic domain distribution and DW motion restriction [45].…”

“…S. Ding et al, applied skewness of magnetic Barkhausen jump to track the relaxation time of DW dynamics behavior for stress characterization [23]. Besides, a MBN time-response histogram analyzed Barkhausen activities in the optimized time interval inside the grain and around the grain boundary during elastic deformation [24]. However, previous work of MBN lacks to extending the time and the spatial features characterization of magnetic properties for material health status, including elastic and plastic range.…”