The SEIR model is a classical model that describes the dynamic changes in the number of different groups of people under an epidemic. This paper modifies the classical SEIR model and adds corresponding rooms based on the consideration of people under centralized and home quarantine states, which realizes the separate prediction of the number of people in different infection states and different quarantine states under the epidemic situation. In addition, we have also established the mathematical relationship between the above-predicted number of people and the demand for emergency materials, therefore, providing support for the government to react more effectively and make better distribution of emergency supplies when facing epidemics. This paper uses data from the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, China in 2020 to verify the effectiveness of the model.