Time to death response in carabid beetles exposed to multiple stressors along a gradient of heavy metal pollution

Stone, David L.; Jepson, P. C.; Kramarz, Paulina; Laskowski, Ryszard

doi:10.1016/s0269-7491(00)00134-2

Cited by 107 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Although Laskowski (2007, 2008) observed increased susceptibility to environmental stressors, decreased egg hatch and decreased body mass of young imagoes of P. oblongopunctatus as results of metal pollution; they found no pollution effects in the second generation. Also Stone et al (2001Stone et al ( , 2002 found decreased tolerance to food deprivation and insecticide in P. oblongopunctatus exposed to heavy metals, but they did not find clear trends in the occurrence of detoxification enzymes.…”

Section: Coleopteran Larvaementioning

confidence: 91%

Cadmium in insects after ash fertilization

et al. 2009

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Ash fertilization of forests returns nutrients to forest ecosystems and has a positive effect on soil pH, but it also may elevate Cd concentrations of forest biota. Cadmium concentrations of some forest insects (Formica ants, carabids and Coleopteran larvae from decaying wood) were investigated in southern Finland, where two plots were fertilized with wood ash, while two other plots represented unfertilized control plots. In ants, mean Cd concentration was 3.6 ± 1.4 mg/kg, with nest workers having significantly higher concentrations than workers trapped in pitfall traps. Concentrations at fertilized and unfertilized plots were similar. In carabid beetles, the average Cd concentration of Carabus glabratus was 0.44 ± 0.36 mg/kg, with no significant difference between control plots and fertilized plots. In another carabid beetle, Pterostichus niger, mean Cd concentration was higher at fertilized plots compared to control plots. We conclude that the variation of Cd concentrations in the insects studied is more efficiently controlled by species-specific differences than fertilization history of the forest floor.

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Section: Coleopteran Larvaementioning

confidence: 91%

Cadmium in insects after ash fertilization

et al. 2009

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“…PI values for Szopienice, Olkusz and Pilica were 22.7, 12.1 and 0.53, respectively. Complete information about the soil properties at the sites can be found in Augustyniak and Migula (2000), Stone et al (2001Stone et al ( ), aszczyca et al (2004, Augustyniak et al (2005), and Cabala and Teper (2007).…”

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the grasshopper Chorthippus brunneus adapt to metal polluted habitats? A study of glutathione‐dependent enzymes in grasshopper nymphs

2009

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Glutathione contents and activity of glutathione-dependent enzymes in the body of insects inhabiting polluted areas depend on toxin kind, concentration and exposure time. Enzymatic response may be modified by gender, age, developmental stage and state of nutrition. Also, chronic exposure to metals in the environment may cause the selection of individuals resistant to some environmental toxins. To assess the degree of adaptation of Chorthippus brunneus to metal-polluted habitats, we measured glutathione contents and the activity of selected glutathione-dependent enzymes in the offspring of aging mothers which differed in time and intensity of exposure to metals in their habitats. We tested whether differences represent temporal shifts in tolerance range or were genetically preserved and inherited by future generations. We investigated insects from three populations. Two live in heavily metal-burdened areas, exposed to metals for 170 (Szopienice) or 50 years (Olkusz) and the third inhabits an unpolluted reference site (Pilica). The most important findings were age-by-site interactions for all biochemical analyses. Nymphs from Szopienice had lower glutathione contents and lower glutathione-dependent enzyme activity in comparison with nymphs from the reference site. This was especially distinct in nymphs hatched from eggs laid by young females. The offspring of aging females from Olkusz, in terms of glutathione contents and glutathione reductase activities, revealed similar patterns to those from the reference site. For the remaining parameters, enzyme activity patterns in nymphs from Olkusz were similar to those of nymphs from Szopienice.

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“…The first predicts that non-stressed systems are more stable because they possess larger energetic resources than stressed communities that allow them to maintain function in case of stress (Naeem and Li, 1997;Aarts and Nienhuis, 1999;Loreau, 2000;Stone et al, 2001). The other hypothesis predicts that stressed systems are more stable since due to the first stress they gained abilities (adaptation, physiological changes) to cope with additional stress and thus maintain function (Odum, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Stability of Microbial Communities in Contaminated Soils Near a Zinc Smelter (Budel, The Netherlands)

Tobor-Kaplon

Bloem²,

Römkens³

et al. 2006

Ecotoxicology

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Abstract. Environmental pollution causes adverse effects on many levels of ecosystem organization; it might affect the use efficiency of available resources which will make the system more sensitive to subsequent stress. Alternatively the development of community tolerance may make the system more resistant to additional stresses.In this study we investigate the functional stability, measured in the terms of resistance and resilience, of microbial populations inhabiting contaminated soils near a zinc smelter. With functional stability we mean that we look at processes rather than at population dynamics. We measure changes in respiration and bacterial growth rate in response to addition of stress (lead, salt) or disturbance (heat). We used soils that differ in the level of pollution with zinc and cadmium originating from an adjacent smelter.Our results showed, with regard to respiration, that the most polluted soils have the lowest stability to salt (stress) and heat (disturbance). This confirms the hypothesis that more stressed systems have less energy to cope with additional stress or disturbance.However, bacterial growth rates were affected in a different way than respiration. There was no difference between the soils in resistance and resilience to addition of lead. In case of salt treatment, the least polluted soils showed highest stability. In contrast, the least polluted soils were the least stable to increased temperature, which supports the hypothesis that more stressed soils are more stable to additional stress/ disturbance due to properties they gained when exposed to the first stress (pollution by the smelter).Thus, the responses of microbial processes to stress, their nature and size, depend on the kinds of stress factors, especially whether a subsequent stress is similar to the first stress, in terms of the mechanism with which the organisms deal with the stress.

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Time to death response in carabid beetles exposed to multiple stressors along a gradient of heavy metal pollution

Cited by 107 publications

References 15 publications

Cadmium in insects after ash fertilization

Cadmium in insects after ash fertilization

Does the grasshopper Chorthippus brunneus adapt to metal polluted habitats? A study of glutathione‐dependent enzymes in grasshopper nymphs

Functional Stability of Microbial Communities in Contaminated Soils Near a Zinc Smelter (Budel, The Netherlands)

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