Time to move the fat

Weaver, Benjamin P.; Sewell, Aileen K.; Han, Min

doi:10.1101/gad.285460.116

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…During reproduction, somatic resources, particularly lipids, are reallocated to the germline. Fat is produced in the intestine and the hypodermis and transported by the actions of vitellogenins 45 , which assemble with transport lipids in the form of yolk to shuttle fat from the intestine to the developing oocytes. When resources are limited, lipid reallocation appears to promote fecundity at the cost of somatic integrity of the parental generation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PQM-1 controls hypoxic survival via regulation of lipid metabolism

2020

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Animals have evolved responses to low oxygen conditions to ensure their survival. Here, we have identified the C. elegans zinc finger transcription factor PQM-1 as a regulator of the hypoxic stress response. PQM-1 is required for the longevity of insulin signaling mutants, but surprisingly, loss of PQM-1 increases survival under hypoxic conditions. PQM-1 functions as a metabolic regulator by controlling oxygen consumption rates, suppressing hypoxic glycogen levels, and inhibiting the expression of the sorbitol dehydrogenase-1 SODH-1, a crucial sugar metabolism enzyme. PQM-1 promotes hypoxic fat metabolism by maintaining the expression of the stearoyl-CoA desaturase FAT-7, an oxygen consuming, rate-limiting enzyme in fatty acid biosynthesis. PQM-1 activity positively regulates fat transport to developing oocytes through vitellogenins under hypoxic conditions, thereby increasing survival rates of arrested progeny during hypoxia. Thus, while pqm-1 mutants increase survival of mothers, ultimately this loss is detrimental to progeny survival. Our data support a model in which PQM-1 controls a trade-off between lipid metabolic activity in the mother and her progeny to promote the survival of the species under hypoxic conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PQM-1 controls hypoxic survival via regulation of lipid metabolism

2020

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“…In the intestine, this signal is conveyed by TORC2, not TORC1, with SGK-1 and the transcription factor PQM-1 acting downstream of TORC2 to promote the expression of genes involved in vitellogenesis, and other activities needed for fat mobilization. Specific signals generated by the hypodermis that remain unidentified must therefore trigger activation of TORC2 nonautonomously in the gut, thereby tightly coordinating lipid mobilization for reproduction with development (Dowen et al 2016;Weaver et al 2016).…”

Section: Roles Of Torc2 In Regulating Development and Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TOR Signaling in Caenorhabditis elegans Development, Metabolism, and Aging

et al. 2019

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The Target of Rapamycin (TOR or mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, development, and behaviors by modulating protein synthesis, autophagy, and multiple other cellular processes in response to changes in nutrients and other cues. Over recent years, TOR has been studied intensively in mammalian cell culture and genetic systems because of its importance in growth, metabolism, cancer, and aging. Through its advantages for unbiased, and high-throughput, genetic and in vivo studies, Caenorhabditis elegans has made major contributions to our understanding of TOR biology. Genetic analyses in the worm have revealed unexpected aspects of TOR functions and regulation, and have the potential to further expand our understanding of how growth and metabolic regulation influence development. In the aging field, C. elegans has played a leading role in revealing the promise of TOR inhibition as a strategy for extending life span, and identifying mechanisms that function upstream and downstream of TOR to influence aging. Here, we review the state of the TOR field in C. elegans, and focus on what we have learned about its functions in development, metabolism, and aging. We discuss knowledge gaps, including the potential pitfalls in translating findings back and forth across organisms, but also describe how TOR is important for C. elegans biology, and how C. elegans work has developed paradigms of great importance for the broader TOR field.

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“…It has been demonstrated that miR-218 could accelerate bone loss through downregulation of Rictor expression 34 . Lin-4 and let-7 contribute to inter-tissue transport through the promotion of the mTORC2 pathway 35 , 36 (Table 1 ).…”

Section: Mtor and Mirnas In Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

mTOR signaling-related MicroRNAs and Cancer involvement

et al. 2018

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of single-stranded RNAs, 18-23 nucleotides in length that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Dysregulation of miRNAs has been closely associated with the development of cancer. In the process of tumorigenesis, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) plays important roles, and the mTOR signaling pathway is aberrant in various types of human cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer, prostate cancer, as well as others. However, the relationship between miRNAs and the mTOR signaling pathway is indistinct. Herein, we not only summarize the progress of miRNAs and the mTOR signaling pathway in cancers, but also highlight their role in the diagnosis and treatment in the clinic.

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Time to move the fat

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

PQM-1 controls hypoxic survival via regulation of lipid metabolism

PQM-1 controls hypoxic survival via regulation of lipid metabolism

TOR Signaling in Caenorhabditis elegans Development, Metabolism, and Aging

mTOR signaling-related MicroRNAs and Cancer involvement

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