TIMED Doppler interferometer (TIDI)

Killeen, T. L.; Skinner, W. R.; Johnson, R. M.; Edmonson, Charles; Wu, Qian; Niciejewski, R. J.; Grassl, Heinz J.; Gell, D. A.; Hansen, Peter E.; Harvey, Jon D.; Kafkalidis, J. F.

doi:10.1117/12.366383

Cited by 75 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The details of the instrument can be found in papers by Killeen et al [1999Killeen et al [ , 2006 and Skinner et al [2003]. In short, the instrument samples neutral winds on two sides of the satellite track; while one sampling track reaches the North Pole, the other flies over the South Pole.…”

Section: Brief Instrument Description and Data Sampling Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global distribution and interannual variations of mesospheric and lower thermospheric neutral wind diurnal tide: 1. Migrating tide

et al. 2008

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[1] Using the TIMED Doppler interferometer (TIDI) mesospheric and lower thermospheric neutral-wind multiyear data set (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007) and NCAR TIME General Circulation Models (GCM) 1.2 annual run results (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005) at the TIDI sampling points, we study the migrating diurnal tide's global distribution, interannual, and seasonal variations in connection with the mean zonal wind interannual variations. A strong quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) effect on the diurnal tide was observed in the TIDI data and reproduced to a lesser degree in the TIME-GCM run. The migrating diurnal tide amplitude is larger during the eastward phase of the stratospheric QBO and weaker during the westward phase. Westward mesospheric equatorial mean zonal winds appeared during the eastward phase of the stratospheric QBO (in 2002, 2004, and 2006). The strongest QBO effect on both the migrating diurnal tide and mean zonal winds was observed during the March equinox. The stronger tides may be related to the weaker gravity wave filtering in the stratosphere during the eastward phase stratospheric QBO. The TIDI data also exhibit large interhemispheric asymmetry. The westward mean zonal winds in the mesosphere appeared to be associated with the enhanced diurnal tide. The TIME-GCM 1.2 diurnal tide amplitudes are in general smaller than those observed by the TIDI instrument. Limited vertical spatial resolution for the TIME-CGM 1.2 is suggested as the cause. Future improvements are expected with a higher spatial resolution in the model.

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Section: Brief Instrument Description and Data Sampling Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global distribution and interannual variations of mesospheric and lower thermospheric neutral wind diurnal tide: 1. Migrating tide

et al. 2008

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“…In the mesosphere, winds are measured using optical techniques from satellites (Shepherd et al, 1993;Hays et al, 1993;Killeen et al, 1999;Swinbank and Ortland, 2003;Niciejewski et al, 2006) and by ground-based radar systems such as European Incoherent SCATter (EISCAT) (Alcaydé and Fontanari, 1986) and various meteor radars (Maekawa et al, 1993;Jacobi et al, 2009). Wu et al (2008) have used the microwave oxygen line at 118 GHz measured by the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) to derive line-of-sight winds in the mesosphere (70-92 km).…”

Section: P Baron Et Al: Smiles Windsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of horizontal winds in the middle-atmosphere between 30° S and 55° N during the northern winter 2009–2010

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Although the links between stratospheric dynamics, climate and weather have been demonstrated, direct observations of stratospheric winds are lacking, in particular at altitudes above 30 km. We report observations of winds between 8 and 0.01 hPa (~35–80 km) from October 2009 to April 2010 by the Superconducting Submillimeter-Wave Limb-Emission Sounder (SMILES) on the International Space Station. The altitude range covers the region between 35–60 km where previous space-borne wind instruments show a lack of sensitivity. Both zonal and meridional wind components were obtained, though not simultaneously, in the latitude range from 30° S to 55° N and with a single profile precision of 7–9 m s–1 between 8 and 0.6 hPa and better than 20 m s–1 at altitudes above. The vertical resolution is 5–7 km except in the upper part of the retrieval range (10 km at 0.01 hPa). In the region between 1–0.05 hPa, an absolute value of the mean difference < 2 m s–1 is found between SMILES profiles retrieved from different spectroscopic lines and instrumental settings. Good agreement (absolute value of the mean difference of ~2 m s–1) is also found with the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) analysis in most of the stratosphere except for the zonal winds over the equator (difference > 5 m s−1). In the mesosphere, SMILES and ECMWF zonal winds exhibit large differences (> 20 m s–1), especially in the tropics. We illustrate our results by showing daily and monthly zonal wind variations, namely the semi-annual oscillation in the tropics and reversals of the flow direction between 50–55° N during sudden stratospheric warmings. The daily comparison with ECMWF winds reveals that in the beginning of February, a significantly stronger zonal westward flow is measured in the tropics at 2 hPa compared to the flow computed in the analysis (difference of ~20 m s–1). The results show that the comparison between SMILES and ECMWF winds is not only relevant for the quality assessment of the new SMILES winds, but it also provides insights on the quality of the ECMWF winds themselves. Although the instrument was not specifically designed for measuring winds, the results demonstrate that space-borne sub-mm wave radiometers have the potential to provide good quality data for improving the stratospheric winds in atmospheric models.

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“…The TIMED-Doppler Interferometer [Killeen et al, 1999] is the principal instrument aboard the TIMED satellite for investigating the dynamics of the MLTI region. The satellite will be placed into a 74.1 ø inclined orbit at an altitude of 625 km.…”

Section: The Timed-doppler Interferometermentioning

confidence: 99%

Space‐time analysis of TIMED Doppler Interferometer (TIDI) measurements

Azeem

Killeen

Johnson

et al. 2000

Geophysical Research Letters

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Abstract.A technique is developed for reducing the amount of aliasing in the spectral analysis of TIDI observations, by ingestion of ground-based data into the satellite data set. A multi-dimensional (space-time) least squares fitting approach is applied to the satellite and ground-based data to determine the aliasing spectra. The addition of ground-based data to the TIDI data set reduces the aliased components in the aliasing spectrum. For example, at 20 ø latitude, the combined ground-based and TIDI data set of a sampled input semidiurnal (frequency of 2 days -•) signal with zonal wavenumber 2 results in a factor of 2 reduction in the amount of power aliasing into a signal with zonal wavenumber 0 and frequency 0 days -•.

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TIMED Doppler interferometer (TIDI)

Cited by 75 publications

References 6 publications

Global distribution and interannual variations of mesospheric and lower thermospheric neutral wind diurnal tide: 1. Migrating tide

Global distribution and interannual variations of mesospheric and lower thermospheric neutral wind diurnal tide: 1. Migrating tide

Observation of horizontal winds in the middle-atmosphere between 30° S and 55° N during the northern winter 2009–2010

Space‐time analysis of TIMED Doppler Interferometer (TIDI) measurements

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