‘Timed Up and Go’ test: Age, gender and cognitive impairment stratified normative values of older adults

Abstract

AimsThe aim of this study was to establish ‘Timed up and Go’ test (TUG) normative data among community dwelling older adults stratified based on cognitive status, gender and age groups.MethodsA total of 2084 community dwelling older adults from wave I and II were recruited through a multistage random sampling method. TUG was performed using the standard protocol and scores were then stratified based on with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI), gender and in a 5-year age groups ranging from ages of 60’s to 80’s.Results529(16%) participants were identified to have MCI. Past history of falls and medical history of hypertension, heart disease, joint pain, hearing and vision problem, and urinary incontinence were found to have influenced TUG performance. Cognitive status as a mediator, predicted TUG performance even when both gender and age were controlled for (B 0.24, 95% CI (0.02–0.47), β 0.03, t 2.10, p = 0.36). Further descriptive analysis showed, participants with MCI, women and older in age took a longer time to complete TUG, as compared to men with MCI across all age groups with exceptions for some age groups.ConclusionThese results suggested that MCI needs to be taken into consideration when testing older adults using TUG, besides age and gender factors. Data using fast speed TUG may be required among older adults with and without MCI for further understanding.

Cognitive frailty in community‐dwelling older Japanese people: Prevalence and its association with falls

“…Savva et al showed that the TUG (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.44–1.72) has strong associations with frailty, suggesting that the TUG is a sensitive and specific measure of frailty . Furthermore, Ibrahim et al reported that older adults with MCI took longer to accomplish the TUG . The results of the current study showed significant associations between the TUG and cognitive frailty.…”

“…24 Furthermore, Ibrahim et al reported that older adults with MCI took longer to accomplish the TUG. 25 The results of the current study showed significant associations between the TUG and cognitive frailty.…”

Validation and reliability of the Timed Up and Go test for measuring objective functional impairment in patients with long‐standing rheumatoid arthritis: a cross‐sectional study

“…Recently, TUG has been reported to correlate with cognitive impairment as well as age and gender. 23 Other factors such as education and daily activity levels including exercise, which were not examined in the present study, could have some effects on TUG.…”

Occupational therapist use of the ‘Timed Up and Go’ test in a Memory Clinic to compare performance between cognitive diagnoses and screen for falls risk

“…Complex neural processes enable and control walking, but when these processes are disrupted through dementia, the cognitive impairment results in functional deficits, including gait disturbance (Bridenbaugh & Kressig, 2015). Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been identified as a transition phase between normal cognitive ageing and early dementia (Ibrahim, Singh, & Shahar, 2017). Reduced mobility is a major concern in older patients with MCI.…”

“…Reduced mobility is a major concern in older patients with MCI. Alterations in gait occur due to reduced muscle mass and strength, deterioration of postural stability, vestibular function and impairments of the primary motor cortex (Ibrahim et al, 2017).…”