Timing and Predictors of Postpartum Return to Smoking in a Group of Inner‐City Women: An Exploratory Pilot Study

Letourneau, Alyssa R.; Sonja, Batten; Mazure, Carolyn M.; O’Malley, Stephanie S.; James, Dziura; Colson, Eve R.

doi:10.1111/j.1523-536x.2007.00177.x

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Women's qualitative descriptions of their relapse experiences highlighted the infl uence of stress and a dearth of skills needed to manage stress. Our fi ndings are similar to a qualitative study ( Letourneau et al, 2007 ) conducted with inner-city women, in which stress was the most commonly cited reason for postpartum return to smoking. Clinicians might consider helping women to monitor their stress levels postpartum; women could benefi t from being taught strategies to cope with elevated stress.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…A longitudinal study of 87 women who quit smoking during pregnancy found that elevated Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores at the end of pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of relapse by 6 months ( Solomon et al, 2007 ); the BDI was not administered after delivery. A qualitative study of 49 inner-city women who stopped smoking before or during pregnancy found that those who relapsed postpartum reported that stress was the primary reason for their return to smoking ( Letourneau et al, 2007 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The association of depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms and postpartum relapse to smoking: A longitudinal study

Park

Chang²,

Quinn³

et al. 2009

Nicotine &Amp; Tobacco Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Discussion : Among women who quit smoking during pregnancy, a worsening of depressive and stress symptoms over 12 weeks postpartum was associated with an increased risk of smoking by 24 weeks. IntroductionApproximately one third of female smokers quit once they learn that they are pregnant ( Fingerhut, Kleinman, & Kendrick, 1990 ;Floyd, Rimer, Giovino, Mullen, & Sullivan, 1993 ;LeClere & Wilson, 1997 ;Severson, Andrews, Lichtenstein, Wall, & Zoref, 1995 ), but up to two thirds of women who stop smoking during pregnancy relapse within 6 months after delivery ( Colman & Joyce, 2003 ;Fingerhut et al., 1990 ;Martin et al., 2008 ;McBride & Pirie, 1990 ;McBride, Pirie, & Curry, 1992 ;Ratner, Johnson, Bottorff, Dahinten, & Hall, 2000 ). Women who remain tobacco abstinent after delivery experience health benefi ts that include protection of infants from secondhand smoke exposure, lower risk of poor pregnancy outcomes in subsequent pregnancies, and decreased personal risk of tobacco-related health problems ( Mullen, 2004 ). To increase the proportion of women who maintain tobacco abstinence after delivery, it is necessary to understand the modifi able factors associated with postpartum relapse to smoking.In the general population, depression, anxiety, and stress are more common among smokers than nonsmokers; these factors are barriers to smoking cessation and triggers for relapse AbstractIntroduction : The aim of this prospective repeated measures, mixed-methods observational study was to assess whether depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms are associated with postpartum relapse to smoking.Methods : A total of 65 women who smoked prior to pregnancy and had not smoked during the last month of pregnancy were recruited at delivery and followed for 24 weeks. Surveys administered at baseline and at 2, 6, 12, and 24 weeks postpartum assessed smoking status and symptoms of depression (Beck Depression Inventory [BDI]), anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory [BAI]), and stress (Perceived Stress Scale [PSS]). In-depth interviews were conducted with women who reported smoking.Results : Although 92% of the participants reported a strong desire to stay quit, 47% resumed smoking by 24 weeks postpartum. Baseline factors associated with smoking at 24 weeks were having had a prior delivery, not being happy about the pregnancy, undergoing counseling for depression or anxiety during pregnancy, and ever having struggled with depression ( p < .05). In a repeated measures regression model, the slope of BDI scores from baseline to the 12-week follow-up differed between nonsmokers and smokers ( − 0.12 vs. +0.11 units/week, p = .03). The slope of PSS scores also differed between nonsmokers and smokers ( − 0.05 vs. +0.08 units/week, p = .04). In qualitative interviews, most women who relapsed attributed their relapse and continued smoking to negative emotions.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms and postpartum relapse to smoking: A longitudinal study

Park

Chang²,

Quinn³

et al. 2009

Nicotine &Amp; Tobacco Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The findings of several studies suggest that breast feeding may protect against postpartum smoking relapse (Kaneko et al, 2008;Letourneau et al, 2007;Martin et al, 2008;O'Campo, Faden, Brown, & Gielen, 1992;Ratner, Johnson, & Bottorff, 1999;Ratner, Johnson, Bottorff, Dahinten, & Hall, 2000). However, the methodologies predominant in this literature often do not permit a clear inference because smoking and breast feeding are measured during either the same or the overlapping periods of time without identifying the timing of the status change (Kaneko et al;Martin et al;O'Campo et al;Ratner et al, 1999Ratner et al, , 2000.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast feeding is associated with postpartum smoking abstinence among women who quit smoking due to pregnancy

Kendzor¹,

Businelle²,

Costello

et al. 2010

Nicotine & Tobacco Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to characterize the relationship between breast feeding and postpartum smoking abstinence among women who quit smoking due to pregnancy and who were participating in a randomized clinical trial of an intervention designed to prevent postpartum relapse. Methods:A total of 251 women were enrolled in the intervention between 30 and 33 weeks postpartum and were followed through 26 weeks postpartum. Participant characteristics were assessed at the prepartum baseline visit, any breast feeding was assessed at 8 weeks postpartum, and smoking abstinence was assessed at 8 and 26 weeks postpartum.Results: Although 79.1% of participants intended to breast feed, only 40.2% reported breast feeding at 8 weeks postpartum. Characteristics associated with breast feeding at 8 weeks postpartum included Caucasian race/ethnicity, greater education, higher household income, and being married/living with a significant other. Logistic regression analysis indicated that breast feeding at 8 weeks postpartum was significantly associated with smoking abstinence at 8 weeks postpartum, odds ratio (OR) = 7.27 (95% CI = 3.27, 16.13), p < .001. Breast feeding at 8 weeks postpartum was also associated with abstinence at 26 weeks postpartum after controlling for smoking status at 8 weeks postpartum, OR = 2.64 (95% CI = 1.14, 6.10), p = .02.Discussion: Encouraging breast feeding among women who quit smoking due to pregnancy may facilitate postpartum smoking abstinence while increasing adherence to current infant feeding guidelines. Original InvestigationBreast feeding is associated with postpartum smoking abstinence among women who quit smoking due to pregnancy

show abstract

“…22,27 Social disadvantage also increases the chances of living with a partner who smokes, 27,28 and the smoking status of partners and other household members is a predictor of maternal smoking habits before and during pregnancy, 29,30 and of returning to smoking after birth. 27,31,32 Findings from the Millennium Cohort Study 33 indicate that 70% of partners of women who smoked in pregnancy also smoked and that > 70% of these partners neither cut down nor quit. Underscoring the role of partners, maternal smoking in pregnancy is associated with difficulties in the relationship with the partner.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Smoking In Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…partners, family and friends) are recognised as important barriers to sustained quitting, 27,31,50 but these remain relatively under-researched in relation to smoking in pregnancy. Partners' smoking status and attitudes to smoking cessation are identified as…”

Section: Significant Others' Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to and facilitators of smoking cessation in pregnancy and following childbirth: literature review and qualitative study

Bauld

Graham

Sinclair

et al. 2017

Health Technol Assess

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Although many women stop smoking in pregnancy, others continue, causing harm to maternal and child health. Smoking behaviour is influenced by many factors, including the role of women's significant others (SOs) and support from health-care professionals (HPs). Objectives: To enhance understanding of the barriers to, and facilitators of, smoking cessation and the feasibility and acceptability of interventions to reach and support pregnant women to stop smoking. Design: Four parts: (1) a description of interventions in the UK for smoking cessation in pregnancy; (2) three systematic reviews (syntheses) of qualitative research of women's, SOs' and HPs' views of smoking in pregnancy using meta-ethnography (interpretative approach for combining findings); (3) semistructured interviews with pregnant women, SOs and HPs, guided by the social-ecological framework (conceptualises behaviour as an outcome of individuals' interactions with environment); and (4) identification of new/ improved interventions for future testing. Setting: Studies in reviews conducted in high-income countries. Qualitative research was conducted from October 2013 to December 2014 in two mixed urban/rural study sites: area A (Scotland) and area B (England). Participants: Thirty-eight studies (1100 pregnant women) in 42 papers, nine studies (150 partners) in 14 papers and eight studies described in nine papers (190 HPs) included in reviews. Forty-one interviews with pregnant women, 32 interviews with pregnant women's SOs and 28 individual/group interviews with 48 HPs were conducted. Main outcome measures: The perceived barriers to, and facilitators of, smoking cessation in pregnancy and the identification of potential new/modified interventions. Results: Syntheses identified smoking-related perceptions and experiences for pregnant women and SOs that were fluid and context dependent with the capacity to help or hinder smoking cessation. Themes were analysed in accordance with the social-ecological framework levels. From the analysis of the interviews, the themes that were central to cessation in pregnancy at an individual level, and that reflected the findings from the reviews, were perception of risk to baby, self-efficacy, influence of close relationships and smoking as a way of coping with stress. Overall, pregnant smokers were faced with more barriers than facilitators. At an interpersonal level, partners' emotional and practical support, willingness to change smoking behaviour and role of smoking within relationships were important. Across the review and interviews of HPs, education to enhance knowledge and confidence in delivering information about smoking in pregnancy and the centrality of the client relationship, protection of which could be a factor in downplaying risks, were important. HPs acknowledged that they could best assist by providing support and understanding, and access to effective interventions, including an opt-out referral pathway to Stop Smoking Services, routine carbon monoxide screening, behavioural s...

show abstract

Timing and Predictors of Postpartum Return to Smoking in a Group of Inner‐City Women: An Exploratory Pilot Study

Cited by 29 publications

References 24 publications

The association of depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms and postpartum relapse to smoking: A longitudinal study

The association of depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms and postpartum relapse to smoking: A longitudinal study

Breast feeding is associated with postpartum smoking abstinence among women who quit smoking due to pregnancy

Barriers to and facilitators of smoking cessation in pregnancy and following childbirth: literature review and qualitative study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About