Timing of Precambrian melt depletion and Phanerozoic refertilization events in the lithospheric mantle of the Wyoming Craton and adjacent Central Plains Orogen

Recent craton growth by slab stacking beneath Wyoming

“…These samples come from depths estimated to cover the range ∼150-200 km (Eggler et al, 1988) or 130-170 km (Hearn, 2004). The common explanation for these findings is that Laramide-age flat-slab subduction truncated the craton base near 150 km depth, and that the deeper lithosphere is young, depleted peridotite of an undetermined origin (Eggler et al, 1988;Carlson et al, 1999Carlson et al, , 2004. The downward extrapolation of the Archean geotherm intersects the mantle solidus at 200 ± 30 km (Fig.…”

“…2b) typical of a craton (Artemieva, 2009), and these xenoliths are of Archean age (Carlson et al, 2004). Xenoliths from greater depth, the "high-temperature" suite, are about as depleted as the low-temperature suite (Carlson et al, 1999(Carlson et al, , 2004), but they are younger than a few hundred million years in age (Carlson et al, 1999(Carlson et al, , 2004 and record temperatures ∼200-300 • C above that defined by the Archean geotherm (Hearn, 2004) (Fig. 2b).…”

The age and history of the lithospheric mantle of the Siberian craton: Re–Os and PGE study of peridotite xenoliths from the Obnazhennaya kimberlite

“…(b) Literature data on mantle xenoliths from Udachnaya: Re-Os T RD for whole-rock peridotites, "megacrystalline dunites" (Pearson et al, 1995a) and eclogites (Pearson et al, 1995b) and Lu-Hf T RD and isochron ages of clinopyroxene from spinel peridotites ; (c) Re-Os isochron ages for sulfide inclusions in diamonds from Siberian kimberlites including Udachnaya (Wiggers de Vries et al, 2013); (d) U/Pb ages of detrital zircons and model Sm-Nd ages (T DM ) for crustal basement rocks from the Siberian craton (Rosen, 2002;Rosen et al, 2005). (e) Age distribution plots (T RD ) for peridotite xenoliths from South Africa and North America: the Kaapvaal craton (continuous black line) (Carlson et al, 2004;Carlson et al, 1999;Irvine et al, 2001;Simon et al, 2007), the Slave craton (dashed line) (Aulbach et al, 2004;Irvine et al, 2003;Westerlund et al, 2006) and the North Atlantic craton (grey line) (Bernstein et al, 2006;Hanghøj et al, 2001;Wittig et al, 2008). The Re-Os model ages are calculated with chondritic mantle values after Walker et al (2002) as presented by Pearson and Wittig (2008).…”

Reworking of the Tarim Craton by underplating of mantle plume-derived magmas: Evidence from Neoproterozoic granitoids in the Kuluketage area, NW China

“…The refractory SCLM is physically buoyant and mechanically rigid and makes cratons keep stable during the process of convergence and divergence (Pollack, 1986;Sleep, 2003;Carlson et al, 2005). However, recent studies have demonstrated that not all Precambrian cratons can remain stable after their formation and some of them have been reactivated and re-juvenilized (Griffin et al, 1998;Menzies and Xu, 1998;Carlson et al, 2004;Wells and Hoisch, 2008;Zheng and Wu, 2009), such as the well documented North China Craton (NCC) (Xu, 2001;Gao et al, 2002Gao et al, , 2009Zhang et al, 2003;Xu et al, 2004Xu et al, , 2009Wu et al, 2005;Zheng et al, 2006;Zhu and Zheng, 2009). Mantle plume, a most important geodynamic regime for crust-mantle interaction, was demonstrated to have played a key role in the formation of Archean cratons, especially for the Archean subcontinental lithospheric mantle (Boyd, 1989;Pearson et al, 1995;Zhao et al, 1998Zhao et al, , 2001Wyman et al, 2002;Griffin et al, 2003;Arndt et al, 2009).…”