Tinnitus in hamsters following exposure to intense sound

Heffner, Henry E.; Harrington, Ian A.

doi:10.1016/s0378-5955(02)00343-x

Cited by 142 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Undesirable learning effects can reduce the magnitude of positive test results over repeated sessions (Heffner and Harrington 2002;Kaltenbach et al 2004) and ultimately will lead to false negative test results. That is, a subset of rats with tinnitus may display normal GPIASR because they have learned effective listening strategies for gap detection.…”

Section: Adequacy Of Behavioral Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Unilateral Acoustic Trauma on Tinnitus-Related Spontaneous Activity in the Inferior Colliculus

Ropp

Tiedemann

Young

et al. 2014

JARO

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This study describes the long-term effects of soundinduced cochlear trauma on spontaneous discharge rates in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (ICC). As in previous studies, single-unit recordings in Sprague-Dawley rats revealed pervasive increases in spontaneous discharge rates. Based on differences in their sources of input, it was hypothesized that physiologically defined neural populations of the auditory midbrain would reveal the brainstem sources that dictate ICC hyperactivity. Abnormal spontaneous activity was restricted to target neurons of the ventral cochlear nucleus. Nearly identical patterns of hyperactivity were observed in the contralateral and ipsilateral ICC. The elevation in spontaneous activity extended to frequencies well below and above the region of maximum threshold shift. This lack of frequency organization suggests that ICC hyperactivity may be influenced by regions of the brainstem that are not tonotopically organized. Sound-induced hyperactivity is often observed in animals with behavioral signs of tinnitus. Prior to electrophysiological recording, rats were screened for tinnitus by measuring gap pre-pulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex (GPIASR). Rats with positive phenotypes did not exhibit unique patterns of ICC hyperactivity. This ambiguity raises concerns regarding animal behavioral models of tinnitus. If our screening procedures were valid, ICC hyperactivity is observed in animals without behavioral indications of the disorder. Alternatively, if the perception of tinnitus is strictly linked to ongoing ICC hyperactivity, our current behavioral approach failed to provide a reliable assessment of tinnitus state.

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Section: Adequacy Of Behavioral Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Unilateral Acoustic Trauma on Tinnitus-Related Spontaneous Activity in the Inferior Colliculus

Ropp

Tiedemann

Young

et al. 2014

JARO

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“…Since pharmacological agents may induce specific patterns of abnormal activity in the central auditory system they are not necessarily a good model for the more common forms of TI. When noise trauma is used to induce TI, its effects are much more variable across individual animals (Heffner and Harrington, 2002). Thus, while noise trauma may provide a more appropriate model for TI in humans, its use in the laboratory is not so popular.…”

Section: Guiding Principles From Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mechanisms of tinnitus: Perspectives from human functional neuroimaging

2009

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In this review, we highlight the contribution of advances in human neuroimaging to the current understanding of central mechanisms underpinning tinnitus and explain how interpretations of neuroimaging data have been guided by animal models. The primary motivation for studying the neural subtrates of tinnitus in humans has been to demonstrate objectively its representation in the central auditory system and to develop a better understanding of its diverse pathophysiology and of the functional interplay between sensory, cognitive and affective systems. The ultimate goal of neuroimaging is to identify subtypes of tinnitus in order to better inform treatment strategies. The three neural mechanisms considered in this review may provide a basis for TI classification. While human neuroimaging evidence strongly implicates the central auditory system and emotional centres in TI, evidence for the precise contribution from the three mechanisms is unclear because the data are somewhat inconsistent. We consider a number of methodological issues limiting the field of human neuroimaging and recommend approaches to overcome potential inconsistency in results arising from poorly matched participants, lack of appropriate controls and low statistical power. AbstractIn this review, we highlight the contribution of advances in human neuroimaging to the current understanding of central mechanisms underpinning tinnitus and explain how interpretations of neuroimaging data have been guided by animal models. The primary motivation for studying the neural subtrates of tinnitus in humans has been to demonstrate objectively its representation in the central auditory system and to develop a better understanding of its diverse pathophysiology and of the functional interplay between sensory, cognitive and affective systems. The ultimate goal of neuroimaging is to identify subtypes of tinnitus in order to better inform treatment strategies. The three neural mechanisms considered in this review may provide a basis for TI classification. While human neuroimaging evidence strongly implicates the central auditory system and emotional centres in TI, evidence for the precise contribution from the three mechanisms is unclear because the data are somewhat inconsistent. We consider a number of methodological issues limiting the field of human neuroimaging and recommend approaches to overcome potential inconsistency in results arising from poorly matched participants, lack of appropriate controls and low statistical power.

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“…This predisposition is usually observed in one of two behavioral contexts. In a conditioned suppression paradigm, tinnitus-positive animals begin to drink in silence after they have been trained to drink only in the presence of sound (Brennan and Jastreboff, 1991;Bauer et al, 1999;Heffner and Harrington, 2002;Lobarinas et al, 2004). In a gap detection paradigm, tinnitus-positive animals show less gap prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex (GPIAS), presumably because tinnitus Bfills in the gap^that signals the impending presentation of a startle-eliciting stimulus (Turner et al, 2006;Lobarinas et al, 2013;Longenecker et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Reliability of Tinnitus Screening in Laboratory Animals

Jones

May

2016

JARO

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Behavioral screening remains a contentious issue for animal studies of tinnitus. Most paradigms base a positive tinnitus test on an animal's natural tendency to respond to the Bsound^of tinnitus as if it were an actual sound. As a result, animals with tinnitus are expected to display soundconditioned behaviors when no sound is present or to miss gaps in background sounds because tinnitus Bfills in the gap.^Reliable confirmation of the behavioral indications of tinnitus can be problematic because the reinforcement contingencies of conventional discrimination tasks break down an animal's tendency to group tinnitus with sound. When responses in silence are rewarded, animals respond in silence regardless of their tinnitus status. When responses in silence are punished, animals stop responding. This study introduces stimulus classification as an alternative approach to tinnitus screening. Classification procedures train animals to respond to the common perceptual features that define a group of sounds (e.g., high pitch or narrow bandwidth). Our procedure trains animals to drink when they hear tinnitus and to suppress drinking when they hear other sounds. Animals with tinnitus are revealed by their tendency to drink in the presence of unreinforced probe sounds that share the perceptual features of the tinnitus classification. The advantages of this approach are illustrated by taking laboratory rats through a testing sequence that includes classification training, the experimental induction of tinnitus, and postinduction screening. Behavioral indications of tinnitus are interpreted and then verified by simulating a known tinnitus percept with objective sounds.

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Tinnitus in hamsters following exposure to intense sound

Cited by 142 publications

References 16 publications

Effects of Unilateral Acoustic Trauma on Tinnitus-Related Spontaneous Activity in the Inferior Colliculus

Effects of Unilateral Acoustic Trauma on Tinnitus-Related Spontaneous Activity in the Inferior Colliculus

The mechanisms of tinnitus: Perspectives from human functional neuroimaging

Improving the Reliability of Tinnitus Screening in Laboratory Animals

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