TiO2-based nanocoatings for preserving architectural stone surfaces: An overview

Munafò, Placido; Goffredo, Giovanni Battista; Quagliarini, Enrico

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.02.083

Cited by 175 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…Moreover, these coatings upon simulated solar irradiation were successfully employed for the photocatalytic oxidation of soot. The obtained results highlight a strong enhancement in the photocatalytic performance of UCA-TiO 2 Au nanocomposite compared to pristine UCA-TiO 2 and UCA-TiO 2 P25 nanocomposites, arising from the presence of Au NRs. Finally, these results point out the possibility to shift the photocatalytic performance of mesoporous UCA-TiO 2 Au nanocomposites in the visible range and their feasibility for several environmental applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Since antiquity, stone has been one of the most often employed materials in the construction industry to create buildings. However, its surfaces can undergo deterioration over time due to several sources of damage, such as polluting gases and fine particulates, soluble and insoluble salts inside the porous matrix, acid rains that produce so-called "black crusts", and many other human activities [2,3]. In addition, other deleterious processes may be: growth of organisms, bird droppings, fire damage, salt efflorescence, building defect, design features, external factors and stone characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, other deleterious processes may be: growth of organisms, bird droppings, fire damage, salt efflorescence, building defect, design features, external factors and stone characteristics. In recent years, the blackening of architectural surfaces is an important degradation process mostly for modern buildings, due to the need to not alter the aesthetic properties of their outdoor surfaces [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2/AuNRs–SiO2 Nanocomposites Applied to Building Materials

et al. 2018

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In this work, the self-cleaning and photocatalytic properties of mesoporous TiO 2 /AuNRs-SiO 2 composites (namely UCA-TiO 2 Au) prepared by a simple and low-cost technique were investigated toward application in building materials. Mesoporous photocatalytic nanocomposites coating the surface of stone and other building materials are a very promising approach to address relevant questions connected with the increasing atmospheric pollution. We tested three types of preformed TiO 2 /AuNRs nanostructures in order to evaluate the effect of AuNRs on the photocatalytic activity of resulting coatings deposited on the surface of a popular building limestone. The resulting nanocomposites provide crack-free surface coatings on limestone, effective adhesion, improve the stone mechanical properties and impart hydrophobic and self-cleaning properties. Photocatalytic characterization involved the degradation of a target compound (Methylene blue; MB) under direct exposure to simulated solar light using TiO 2 P25 Evonik (TiO 2 P25) as a reference material. Moreover, these coatings upon irradiation by simulated solar light were successfully employed for the photocatalytic oxidation of carbon soot. The experimental results revealed that UCA-TiO 2 Au samples are the best performing coating in both MB bleaching and soot degradation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2/AuNRs–SiO2 Nanocomposites Applied to Building Materials

et al. 2018

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“…It is nontoxic, highly efficient, and very stable under UV [16,17], relatively inexpensive, safe, chemically stable, highly photocatalytically active, compared with other metal oxide photocatalysts, compatible with traditional construction materials, such as cement, without making any original performance worse and effective under weak solar irradiation in an outdoor environment [18,19]. TiO 2 photoactivity is strongly influenced by the microstructure, presence and concentration of doping elements-the specific surface area and particle size [20]. In fact, the self-cleaning properties, consolidation and the transparency of nano-TiO 2 based materials could play a very important role for monuments, historical buildings and any other architectural surfaces exposed to environmental deterioration factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protecting of Marble Stone Facades of Historic Buildings Using Multifunctional TiO2 Nanocoatings

et al. 2017

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Stone surfaces and façades of historic buildings, due to their predominately outdoor location, suffer from many deterioration factors, including air pollution, soluble salts, relative humidity (RH)/temperature, and biodeterioration, which are the main causes of decay. In particular, the façades of the buildings deteriorate with direct exposure to these factors; deformation and disfiguration of superficial decoration and formation of black crusts are often observed on the stones. The development and application of self-cleaning and protection treatments on historical and architectural stone surfaces could be a significant improvement in the conservation, protection and maintenance of Cultural Heritage. A titanium dioxide nanoparticle has become a promising photocatalytic material, owing to its ability to catalyze the complete degradation of many organic contaminants and environmental factors. In this study, TiO 2 nanoparticles, dispersed in an aqueous colloidal suspension, were applied directly to historic marble stone surfaces, by spray-coating, in order to obtain a nanometric film over the stone surface. The study started with an investigation of some properties of TiO 2 nanoparticles, to assess the feasibility of the use of TiO 2 on historic stone and architectural surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was, coupled with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) microanalysis, (SEM-EDX), in order to obtain information on coating homogeneity and surface morphology, before and after artificial aging; the activity of the coated surface was evaluated through UV-light exposure, to evaluate photo-induced effects. The changes of molecular structure occurring in treated samples were spectroscopically studied by attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR); activity of the hydrophobic property of the coated surface was evaluated by Sterio microscopy, model Zeiss 2010 from Munich, Germany, equipped with photo camera S23 under 80X magnification. The efficacy of the treatments was evaluated through capillary water absorption, and colorimetric measurements, performed to evaluate the optical appearance. Results showed that TiO 2 nanoparticles are good candidates for coating applications on historic stone surfaces, where self-cleaning photo-induced effects are well evident; they enhanced the durability of stone surfaces toward UV aging, improved resistance to relative humidity (RH)/temperature and abrasion affect, reduced accumulation of dirt on stone surfaces when left in open air for 6 months, and did not alter the original features.

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“…Neither is information freely available on the proportions of nanomaterial used. For example, a review by Munafò et al (2015) of titanium-based coatings used in stone conservation shows concentrations ranging from 0·3 to 10% (by weight) and also shows that products vary in their effectiveness in terms of self-cleaning, biocidal effects, anti-pollution effects and longevity. Other studies have shown variation in the effectiveness of coatings in preserving wood (Marzi, 2015) and the bactericidal effect of nanosilver (Molling et al, 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterials in construction – what is being used, and where?

Jones

Gibb

Goodier

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Constructio

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Identifying where nanomaterials are present in construction materials is challenging. Academic literature reports what nanotechnology can offer construction, but this can differ from the reality of what is currently in use.Furthermore, it is difficult to source accurate information regarding nano-enabled products on the market; under current legislation, the declaration of nano content is voluntary and there is no requirement to provide details within safety data sheets. Although publically available information remains opaque and incomplete, several studies and reports have attempted to clarify this situation. This research builds on this information, presenting an overview of the nano-enabled products currently available for use in construction. This is based on the literature, manufacturers' published information and on discussions with suppliers and end users. Concrete, glass and coatings are the most widely available nano-enabled products, together with insulation and special steels. The precise nanomaterial used in each case however, and the form and quantity involved can be difficult to identify. This makes assessing the risks difficult, which is problematic, as some nanomaterials are considered to be hazardous. More detailed information regarding commercially available products will be important if risks are to be managed, enabling the industry to take full advantage of the benefits of nanotechnology.

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TiO2-based nanocoatings for preserving architectural stone surfaces: An overview

Cited by 175 publications

References 132 publications

Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2/AuNRs–SiO2 Nanocomposites Applied to Building Materials

Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2/AuNRs–SiO2 Nanocomposites Applied to Building Materials

Protecting of Marble Stone Facades of Historic Buildings Using Multifunctional TiO2 Nanocoatings

Nanomaterials in construction – what is being used, and where?

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