Nanomaterials are materials engineered with extremely small particle size having at least one dimension in the range of 1-100 nm. When materials are produced in nanoscale, they demonstrate unique electronic, magnetic, catalytic, and optical properties for a wide range of applications in a variety of fields such as engineering, medicine, and the environment. Nanomaterials with attractive chemical and physical properties are being explored for potential uses in energy and environmental applications. Due to the ability to enhance efficiency through control of bandgap, chemical composition, structural scheme, light propagation, charge collection/transport, etc., nanomaterials have attracted immense attention. Titanium dioxide (TiO 2) nanoparticles are manufactured worldwide in large quantities for use in a wide range of applications. Nanostructured TiO 2 has gained considerable attention in the energy and environment sectors due to their brilliant prospects in photocatalysis, solar cells, and environmental pollution treatment.