Tip 1 Diabetes Mellitus Tanısı Alan Çocuk ve Ergenlerde Çölyak ve Otoimmün Tiroid Hastalıkları Sıklığının Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Objective: Celiac disease (CD) and autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) are more common in individuals with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) than in the general population. It is necessary for the patient to be able to screen, recognize and treat these diseases at an early stage. In our study, it was aimed to screen the frequency of children and adolescents with T1DM in terms of CD and AITD.
 Materials And Methods: The files of the patients who were followed up in our clinic with the diagnosis of T1DM between July 2015 and March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Age, gender, age at diagnosis, duration of T1DM, presence of antithyroid peroxidase (TPO Ab), antithyroglobulin (TG Ab) antibodies, and the concomitant autoimmune disease were investigated. 
 Results: 199 patients with T1DM were included. Mean chronological age was 12.5±4.4 (2.5-21.3) years, mean diabetes duration was 4.0±3.5 (0.0-18.1), and 52.3% (n=104) of the study were female. While 84.9% (n=169) of the patients had no accompanying disease, 7.5% (n=15) had CD, 12.8% (n=25) had TPO Ab, 6.5% (n=13) had TG Ab, CD and AITH were present in 0.5% (n=1). While the frequency of CD is 23.2% (n=10), the presence of TPO Ab and TG Ab were 6.9% (n=3) in those with diabetes diagnosis younger than 5 years. 
 Conclusıon: In accordance with the literature, the frequency of CD and AITD is higher in our patients with T1DM compared to the general population, the frequency of CD increases in patients with younger T1DM diagnosis, but the presence of thyroid antibodies occurs with advancing age at diagnosis, and both conditions are more common in females.