Tipping point analysis of cracking in reinforced concrete

Perry, Marcus; Livina, Valerie N.; Niewczas, Paweł

doi:10.1088/0964-1726/25/1/015027

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In agreement with their opinion, we do not attempt to introduce an anthropogenic term in our model. However, the acoustic impact of shipping and other anthropogenic factors on the marine wildlife have already been reported: anthropogenic sounds affect vocalizing baleen whales, with distance of impact up to 200 km (Risch et al, 2012); such disturbances cause behavioural changes in large animals, and consequently reduce their acoustic presence in the area of observation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tipping point analysis of ocean acoustic noise

Livina

Brouwer²,

Harris

et al. 2018

Nonlin. Processes Geophys.

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Abstract. We apply tipping point analysis to a large record of ocean acoustic data to identify the main components of the acoustic dynamical system and study possible bifurcations and transitions of the system. The analysis is based on a statistical physics framework with stochastic modelling, where we represent the observed data as a composition of deterministic and stochastic components estimated from the data using time-series techniques. We analyse long-term and seasonal trends, system states and acoustic fluctuations to reconstruct a one-dimensional stochastic equation to approximate the acoustic dynamical system. We apply potential analysis to acoustic fluctuations and detect several changes in the system states in the past 14 years. These are most likely caused by climatic phenomena. We analyse trends in sound pressure level within different frequency bands and hypothesize a possible anthropogenic impact on the acoustic environment. The tipping point analysis framework provides insight into the structure of the acoustic data and helps identify its dynamic phenomena, correctly reproducing the probability distribution and scaling properties (power-law correlations) of the time series.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Applications of tipping point analysis have been found in geophysics (Lenton et al, 2009(Lenton et al, , 2012aLivina et al, 2010Livina et al, , 2011Livina et al, , 2012Cimatoribus et al, 2013), statistical physics (Vaz Martins et al, 2010;, ecology (Dakos et al, 2012), and structure health monitoring (Livina et al, 2014;Perry et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tipping point analysis of ocean acoustic noise

Livina

Brouwer²,

Harris

et al. 2018

Nonlin. Processes Geophys.

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“…Lateral (mode III, shear or tearing) movements in cracks can also be extracted from the differences between the two arms (using trigonometry). This design is known to provide reliable measurements of crack displacement, as similar designs have been laboratory tested in our previously published work [ 33 , 34 ].…”

Section: Sensor Design and Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The strain transfer at this interface will be governed by the installation procedures and the mortar used to grout the bolts. Our previous work has shown that similar displacement sensors tested in the lab provided valid and reliable readings of crack displacement [ 33 ]. However, unlike the lab experiments in the cited work, the exact strain transfer cannot be quantified directly after field installation.…”

Section: Sensor Design and Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crack Monitoring of Operational Wind Turbine Foundations

Perry

McAlorum²,

Niewczas³

et al. 2017

Sensors

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The degradation of onshore, reinforced-concrete wind turbine foundations is usually assessed via above-ground inspections, or through lengthy excavation campaigns that suspend wind power generation. Foundation cracks can and do occur below ground level, and while sustained measurements of crack behaviour could be used to quantify the risk of water ingress and reinforcement corrosion, these cracks have not yet been monitored during turbine operation. Here, we outline the design, fabrication and field installation of subterranean fibre-optic sensors for monitoring the opening and lateral displacements of foundation cracks during wind turbine operation. We detail methods for in situ sensor characterisation, verify sensor responses against theoretical tower strains derived from wind speed data, and then show that measured crack displacements correlate with monitored tower strains. Our results show that foundation crack opening displacements respond linearly to tower strain and do not change by more than ±5 μm. Lateral crack displacements were found to be negligible. We anticipate that the work outlined here will provide a starting point for real-time, long-term and dynamic analyses of crack displacements in future. Our findings could furthermore inform the development of cost-effective monitoring systems for ageing wind turbine foundations.

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“…Tipping points in climatic subsystems have become a widely publicized topic of high societal interest related to climate change; see, for example, Lenton et al (2008). Applications of tipping point analysis have been found in geophysics (Lenton et al, 2009(Lenton et al, , 2012aLivina et al, 2010Livina et al, , 2011Livina et al, , 2012Cimatoribus et al, 2013), statistical physics (Vaz Martins et al, 2010;, ecology (Dakos et al, 2012), and structure health monitoring (Livina et al, 2014;Perry et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revised marked ms

Livina¹

2017

Preprint

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We apply tipping point analysis to a large record of ocean acoustic data to identify the main components of the acoustic dynamical system and study possible bifurcations and transitions of the system. The analysis is based on a statistical physics framework with stochastic modelling, where we represent the observed data as a composition of deterministic and stochastic components estimated from the data using time-series techniques. We analyse long-term and seasonal trends, system states and acoustic fluctuations to reconstruct a one-dimensional stochastic equation to approximate the acoustic dynamical system. We apply potential analysis to acoustic fluctuations and detect several changes in the system states in the past 14 years. These are most likely caused by climatic phenomena. We analyse trends in sound pressure level within different frequency bands and hypothesize a possible anthropogenic impact on the acoustic environment. The tipping point analysis framework provides insight into the structure of the acoustic data and helps identify its dynamic phenomena, correctly reproducing the probability distribution and scaling properties (power-law correlations) of the time series.

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Tipping point analysis of cracking in reinforced concrete

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Tipping point analysis of ocean acoustic noise

Tipping point analysis of ocean acoustic noise

Crack Monitoring of Operational Wind Turbine Foundations

Revised marked ms

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