Tissue and Serum Trace Elements Concentration among Colorectal Patients: A Systematic Review of Case-Control Studies

Abstract

Background: Trace elements play a pivotal role in Colorectal Cancer (CRC) inhibition and development process. This systematic review provides the basic comparison of case-control studies focusing on concentration of trace elements between those with CRC and controls
 Methods: The systematic review searched through two databases of Medline and Cochrane up to 24th June 2017. The search strategy focused on Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes (PICO). We searched the role of trace elements in cancer and focusing on case-control studies in CRC to obtain an insight into the differences in trace element concentrations between those with and without cancer.
 Results: The serum concentrations of Ca, Cu, Mg, Mn, Se, Si, and Zn were lower in CRC patients but for Co and S the levels were higher in CRC patients. The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Pb, and Zn were increased in patients with metastasis, but not in Se. As for colon tissue specimens, inconsistent levels were reported between studies, notably in Cu, Se, and Zn. No changes were reported for B and Ca levels. Most of the trace elements in the tissue specimens showed higher concentrations of Cr, Fe, K, Mg, P, Rb, S, and Si compared to Br.
 Conclusion: With the growing interest to understand the link between trace elements in carcinogenesis and the possible interactions, multi assessment analysis of a larger cohort of samples is necessary.

Quality of life in children with Down syndrome and its association with parent and child demographic characteristics: Parent‐reported measures

“…These findings indicate that a higher income can be linked to a higher QoL (Table 16). This agrees with a previous study, suggesting a significant relationship between family income and acceptance of intervention, influencing the families' understandings of the strengths, abilities, and special needs of children with DS (Mohammed Nawi et al., 2013).…”

“…The impacts of family income level and socioeconomic status on QoL have received a lot of attention lately (Currie, 2020). For instance, family income, ethnicity, and education level can affect the level of intervention and the child's overall QoL (Assari & Caldwell, 2019; Mohammed Nawi et al., 2013).…”

Serum Selenium Concentration as a Potential Diagnostic Marker for Early-Stage Colorectal Cancer: A Comparative Study

“…Moreover, in areas where selenium deficiency is observed, increased mortality due to cardiovascular diseases and cancer has been observed. It is believed that selenium supplementation and eating fish or foods rich in selenium and folic acid are factors modifying the incidence and development of colorectal cancer [ 29 ]. This is because folate plays an important role in the synthesis, repair, and methylation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) [ 30 ].…”

The role of heavy metals in the development of colorectal cancer

“…As early as 1975, Schwartz reviewed the role of trace elements including selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) in cancer, and discussed their potential utility as diagnostic or prognostic markers [ 28 ]. In addition, Nawi et al reported that the concentrations of manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), Cu, magnesium (Mg), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr) and Zn in metastatic patients were increased compared to the general population [ 29 ]. Sohrabi et al have also demonstrated that the levels of heavy metals and trace elements including thallium (Tl), Zn, Pb, Cr and Cu in CRC cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in healthy ones [ 30 ].…”