Tissue content of sulfomucins and sialomucins in the colonic mucosa, without fecal stream, undergoing daily intervention with sucralfate

Abstract

PURPOSE:To measure the content of acidic mucin, sialomucin, and sulfomucins in the colonic mucosa without fecal stream submit to intervention with sucralfate (SCF). METHODS:Thirty-six rats were submitted to a right colostomy and a distal mucous fistula and divided into two groups according to sacrifice to be performed two or four weeks. Each group was divided into three subgroups according daily application of enemas containing saline, SCF at 1.0 g/kg/day or 2.0 g/kg/day. Colitis was diagnosed by histological analysis. Acid mucins were determined with the Alcian-Blue and sulfomucin and sialomucin by high iron diamine-alcian blue (HID-AB) techniques. The mucins were quantified by computer-assisted image analysis. Mann-Whitney and ANOVA tests were used to analyze the results establishing the level of significance of 5% for both (p<0.05).RESULTS: SCF enemas decreased the inflammation score and was related to the concentration used and time of the intervention. SCF at both concentrations increased the content of acid mucin, which was related to the concentration used and to the improvement in the inflammatory score. There was an increase in the content of sulfomucins and sialomucins in SCF groups. SCF increased sulfomucins from 2 weeks of intervention, which was not related to the dose or time of application. The increase in sialomucin content was related to the time and dose used in the intervention. CONCLUSION:Sucralfate increased the content of acidic mucins, primarily at the expense of sialomucin, which was affected by the dose and time of intervention.

Claudin-3 and occludin content in the glands of colonic mucosa devoid from fecal stream submitted to topical intervention with oil extract of Curcuma longa

“…The surgical methodology used for the induction of exclusion colitis has already been described in previous studies published by our group [1][2][3] . Briefly, all animals were placed under general anesthesia by intramuscular administration of 0.1 mL/100 g of a 1:1 (v/v) ketamine (50 mg/mL) and xylazine (20 mg/mL).…”

“…The normal supply of VFAs can reduce the epithelial damage caused by oxidative stress by increase the amount of glutathione peroxidase (GSH), one of the most important antioxidant system presents in colonic mucosa 30 . Butyrate also decreases neutrophil infiltration and improves healing of damaged colonic mucosa 3 . It is an important source of fuel for colonocytes, and a diminished β-oxidation of butyrate, meaning an energy deficiency syndrome, has been associated with development of ulcerative colitis and CDC 28,31 .…”

“…Several substances have been tested for the treatment of CDC. Most of these drugs exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects reducing the epithelial inflammation and oxidative stress [1][2][3]12,13 . Curcumin, the principal active principle present in the rhizome of Curcuma longa, has showed to be a promising substance for the treatment of different groups of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) because it's anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties 14 .…”

“…This defense system is formed by different structures, which act as mechanical barrier, and by cells of the immune system, which constitute an immunological barrier [1][2][3] . The mechanical protection are formed by the mucus that recover the intestinal epithelium, the cellular membranes of colonocytes, the mechanisms of intercellular junctions (IJs) and basal membrane 4 .…”

“…zThese substances can reduce the epithelial damage, improve the inflammation and increase the mucous layer that recovers the colonic mucosa devoid of the fecal stream [1][2][3] . Curcumin has been used as a substance for the prevention and treatment of many organ and tissue disorders, most of which are associated with inflammation and oxidative stress 33,34 .…”