Tissue culture and organogenesis in the winged bean

Abstract

Seedlings of Psophocarpus tetragonolobus var. TPt2 were grown under sterile conditions on nutrient agar. Hypocotyl sections (0.5 cm) from 2-week-old seedlings were used to initiate callus on solid B5 medium with 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D. Callus was transferred into liquid B5 and MS media also containing 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D. Suspension cultures developed within 6 weeks, but could not be maintained longer than 3 months. However, when suspensions were transferred into medium containing MS salts, iron-EDTA, and the following organic compounds: inositol, thiamine, pyridoxine, nicotinic acid (0.5 mg/L), kinetin (0.3 mg/L), IAA (5.0 mg/L), 2,4-D (1.5 mg/L), and sucrose (40 mg/L), optimal growth resumed and has continued for 2 years with a doubling time of 57.6 h. Chromosome counts of the suspension culture cells show predominantly the diploid chromosome number of 2n = 18. Greening of callus occurred in the absence of exogenous hormones, but efforts to hormonally induce organogenesis from callus have succeeded only in promoting root formation.

Winged-bean protoplasts: Isolation and culture to callus

“…The first paper on the tissue culture of winged bean described the establishment of callus and long-term suspension cell cultures on a modified MS medium [3]. Plant regeneration from primary callus has also been reported in this tropical legume [7] and we have confirmed this in our laboratory.…”

“…The 2-to 3-day period during wtlich good protoplast yields could be obtained probably corresponds to the time required for one division to occur. The doubling thne for winged-bean cultures transferred weekly was 58 h [3], and for cultures transferred twice weekly it is probably shorter. In tobacco suspension cultured cells [20], a prominent peak for isolation efficiency was obtained 4-5 days after subculture, wl~ich also coincided with the doubling time of four days.…”

“…The present report describes the successful isolation of winged-bean protoplasts from suspension culture cells, and their culture on a defined medium. et al [3], were used as material for protoplast isolation. The cell suspensions were grown in the dark in 250-ml Erlenmeyer flasks stoppered with foam plugs on a gyrotory shaker at 110 rpm at 25°C.…”

The winged bean as an oil and protein source: A review

“…Tissue culture and organogenetic studies on winged bean might provide additional genetic variation needed for the development of improved varieties. Bottino et al (147) suggests that the perennial growth habit of winged bean and the fact that it has not been under intense domestication by man are advantageous features that should be explored in tissue culture. Root organogenesis from callus (147) and the production of plants under in vitro conditions (148) have been reported.…”

Neglected and Underutilized Legume Crops: Improvement and Future Prospects

“…Psophocarpus tetragonolobus popularly known as winged bean with somatic chromosome number of 2n = 18 is one of the old legumes [27]. Winged bean is a multipurpose legume plant with all parts being edible and useful as medicine in tropics of Asia, Africa, and Latin America.…”