Tissue Culture in the Study of the Effects of Drugs

Dawson, Mary; Dryden, William F.

doi:10.1002/jps.2600560502

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…According to Verheul and Pinedo [6], almost 50 % of all cancer patients are already resistant to chemotherapy before treatment (intrinsic resistance) and the majority of the other patients develop resistances in the course of treatment (acquired resistance). Although it was recognized as long ago as the sixties that the histological diagnosis of cancer does not provide information about drug response and that resistance tests are required [7,8], no such tests have yet been introduced in clinical use.…”

Section: Resistance Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic and Acquired Drug Resistance in Malignant Tumors

Lippert

Ruoff

Volm

2011

Arzneimittelforschung

112

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Drug resistance is the major reason for failure in cancer chemotherapy. Resistance may be either pre-existent (intrinsic resistance), or induced by drugs (acquired resistance), So far, no strategy has been found to overcome resistance, which is based on highly complex and individually variable biological mechanisms. In present clinical practice, drug resistance can only be recognized during treatment, after long lag times. Thus diagnostic tests are re quired, indicating resistance at an earlier stage, in order to avoid unnecessary medication, frequently associated with toxic side-effects. A number of new anti-cancer drugs are now available. In contrast to the unspecifically acting cytostatic chemotherapy, these compounds have targeted actions. However, as recent studies have shown, resistances and severe side-effects can also be found with targeted drugs. With the increasing number of new treatment regimens, the early diagnosis of resistance will optimize therapy, and indeed will be indispensable for individual cancer therapy. The resistance assays available for use in clinical practice should be integrated into cancer therapy. Research into this neglected area needs to be intensified.

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Section: Resistance Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic and Acquired Drug Resistance in Malignant Tumors

Lippert

Ruoff

Volm

2011

Arzneimittelforschung

112

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“…It is now generally recognized that neoplastic diseases show great individual variability in clinical behavior and thus respond very differently to drug treatment. This variability was already understood in the middle of the last century, and attempts were made to diagnose the individual action of the anticancer drugs prior to treatment 9,10. Unfortunately, few efforts have been made from the 1960s to the present 9,10.…”

Section: Points Of Criticism On Present Anticancer Drug Guidelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This variability was already understood in the middle of the last century, and attempts were made to diagnose the individual action of the anticancer drugs prior to treatment 9,10. Unfortunately, few efforts have been made from the 1960s to the present 9,10. to detect nonresponders.…”

Section: Points Of Criticism On Present Anticancer Drug Guidelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could a revision of the current guidelines for cancer drug use improve the quality of cancer treatment?

Lippert¹,

Ruoff²,

Volm³

2014

TCRM

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Clinical practice guidelines are indispensable for such a variable disease as malignant solid tumors, with the complex possibilities of drug treatment. The current guidelines may be criticized on several points, however. First, there is a lack of information on the outcome of treatment, such as the expected success and failure rates. Treating not only drug responders but also nonresponders, that is, patients with drug resistance, must result in failures. There is no mention of the possibility of excluding the drug nonresponders, identifiable by special laboratory tests and no consideration is given to the different side effects of the recommended drug regimens. Nor are there any instructions concerning tumor cases for which anticancer drug treatment is futile. In such cases, early palliative care may lead to significant improvements in both life quality and life expectancy. Not least, there is no transparency concerning the preparation of the guidelines: persons cannot be identified who could give a statement of conflicts of interest, and responsibility is assumed only by anonymous medical associations. A revision of the current guidelines could considerably improve cancer treatment.

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“…As long ago as the 1950s, the first attempts were made to test the prospects of success in the therapy of cancer using cytostatic drugs in cell cultures. The clinical observation that patients with histologically identical tumors reacted very differently to the same cytostatic led at the time to the idea of testing tumors individually as to their behavior [17,18] . The development of tests has until recently concentrated almost exclusively on the demonstration of resistance prior to medication.…”

Section: Tests To Demonstrate Intrinsic Drug Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance in Malignant Tumors: Can Resistance Assays Optimize Cytostatic Chemotherapy?

2008

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The frequent resistance of malignant tumors to chemotherapy documents the fact that numerous patients are uselessly traumatized by highly toxic drugs. Investigations into this resistance have shown that many different mechanisms exist which can abolish the antitumor action of chemotherapeutics. So far, no safe method has been found to counteract this resistance. To date, the only way to avoid harm by an ineffective chemotherapeutic is to refrain from its use when resistance to it is detected. The present survey reports on the available assays that diagnose resistance reliably; sensitivity tests are excluded as being unreliable. Resistance assays are still not fully recognized in hospitals, despite the fact that they are able to optimize chemotherapy by eliminating treatment that is ineffective and merely harmful. Since the number of chemotherapeutics will increase enormously in the future, pharmacological cancer treatment cannot dispense with resistance assays.

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Tissue Culture in the Study of the Effects of Drugs

Cited by 13 publications

References 134 publications

Intrinsic and Acquired Drug Resistance in Malignant Tumors

Intrinsic and Acquired Drug Resistance in Malignant Tumors

Could a revision of the current guidelines for cancer drug use improve the quality of cancer treatment?

Resistance in Malignant Tumors: Can Resistance Assays Optimize Cytostatic Chemotherapy?

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