Tissue distribution and metabolism of radioactive sulfur amino acids ((1-41C)cystine, (35S)cysteine) in pregnant mice; A whole-body autoradiography and its biochemical analysis.

Abstract

Tissue distribution and metabolic fate of 14C from [1-14C]cystine and 35S from [35S]cysteine, both precursors of taurine, in various tissues and organs of pregnant mice were studied by whole-body autoradiographic and biochemical analysis.Autoradiography of whole-body cryosection was performed at 30 min, 3 and 6 hr after i.v. injection of radioactive sulfur amino acids ([1-14C]cystine and [35S] cysteine). In the maternal body, the highest optical density (OD) was observed in the pancreas and then the kidney, small and large intestines, stomach, Harderian gland, liver, salivary gland and mammary gland followed.Low ODs were observed in the brain and skeletal muscle. ODs of 14C and 35S in the placenta were relatively high. In the fetus, high ODs of 14C were observed in the lens and 35S in the cartilage and lens.In the biochemical analysis, the mice were decapitated at the same intervals after injection as those for autoradiography and various tissues were removed. These tissues were fractionated into 6% perchloric acid-soluble, -insoluble and lipid fractions. Total radioactivities (cpm/g wet weight) of 14C and 35S were high in the kidney, pancreas, Harderian gland and stomach, and low in the brain, skeletal muscle and fetus. The liver and bile showed high radioactivities in 35S, but low radioactivities in 14C. These data were in good agreement with those of whole-body autoradiographs. The radioactivities incorporated into the acid-insoluble fraction were high in the pancreas, stomach, large intestine and salivary gland, but low in the liver, kidney and skeletal muscle after injection of [1-14C] cystine and [35S]cysteine. The acid-soluble fractions of the liver, kidney, pancreas and small intestine were analyzed by thin-layer chromatography.The radioactive spots for cysteine, cysteine sulfinic acid (CSA) and taurine were detected, but the radioactive level and its change with time in each radioactive spot were different among the organs.

Fabrication of hyaluronic acid‐based nanoparticles and studies on their radical scavenging activity

“…2 Importantly, cysteine possesses strong reducing capacity due to its active amino and carboxyl groups, making it susceptible to oxidation by oxygen gas. 3 Additionally, cysteine serves various physiological functions, for example, the prevention and treatment of radioactive hazard, 4 maintenance of sulfhydrase activity in the skin, treatment of skin diseases, [5][6][7] detoxication, 8 and so forth. These properties make cysteine applicable in diverse fields, such as: food, 9 cosmetics, 10 biochemical studies, 11 and so on.…”