Tissue Distribution of Several Series of Cationic Surfactants in Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) Following Exposure via Water

Kierkegaard, Amelie; Chen, Chang-Er; Armitage, James M.; Arnot, Jon A.; Droge, Steven T.J.; McLachlan, Michael S.

doi:10.1021/acs.est.9b07600

Cited by 31 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In BCF experiments in the same aquarium facility with somewhat larger rainbow trout we measured a median k U of 266 L kg –1 d –1 for 10 neutral chemicals. 31 This lies well within the range measured for the cationic surfactants. Later in the paper we discuss the factors affecting k U from a mechanistic perspective.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Since this was a research investigation and not a regulatory study, we modified the OECD protocol to suit the research questions, borrowing some elements of the BETTER BCF protocol. 31 Alkylamines, an important class of cationic surfactants (see Table S1 ), were chosen as the test chemicals. The log D MLW of alkylamines increases proportionally with alkyl chain length.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioconcentration of Several Series of Cationic Surfactants in Rainbow Trout

Kierkegaard

Sundbom

Yuan

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Cationic surfactants have a strong affinity to sorb to phospholipid membranes and thus possess an inherent potential to bioaccumulate, but there are few measurements of bioconcentration in fish. We measured the bioconcentration of 10 alkylamines plus two quaternary ammonium compounds in juvenile rainbow trout at pH 7.6, and repeated the measurements at pH 6.2 for 6 of these surfactants. The BCF of the amines with chain lengths ≤ C 14 was positively correlated with chain length, increasing ∼0.5 log units per carbon. Their BCF was also pH dependent and approximately proportional to the neutral fraction of the amine in the water. The BCFs of the quaternary ammonium compounds showed no pH dependence and were >2 orders of magnitude less than for amines of the same chain length at pH 7.6. This indicates that systemic uptake of permanently charged cationic surfactants is limited. The behavior of the quaternary ammonium compounds and the two C 16 amines studied was consistent with previous observations that these surfactants accumulate primarily to the gills and external surfaces of the fish. At pH 7.6 the BCF exceeded 2000 L kg –1 for 4 amines with chains ≥ C 13 , showing that bioconcentration can be considerable for some longer chained cationic surfactants.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioconcentration of Several Series of Cationic Surfactants in Rainbow Trout

Kierkegaard

Sundbom

Yuan

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Apparent BCF values ranged from 0.1 to 1260 L/kg, hence came close but remained below the threshold of the B criterion of 2000 L/kg. The authors concluded that further studies with longer exposure time and smaller fish should be conducted on the bioaccumulative properties of cationic surfactants [35]. The 16 C alkyl amine that showed the highest bioaccumulation potential in that study is structurally similar to TMOA, which had the highest BMF of the six test substances.…”

Section: Earlier Screening Studies For Bioaccumulation Of Iocsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Kierkegaard et al [35] determined the tissue distribution of twelve cationic surfactants in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) following exposure via water. Rainbow trout were exposed for seven days to ten alkyl amines with chain length from 9 to 16 C and to two quaternary alkylammonium surfactants with 10 and 14 C-chains.…”

Section: Earlier Screening Studies For Bioaccumulation Of Iocsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomagnification of ionizable organic compounds in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

et al. 2020

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Background The assessment of persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity (PBT) is part of the regulation process of ionic organic compounds (IOCs) and a major challenge, as a commonly acknowledged approach for the estimation of the bioaccumulation potential of IOCs is still missing. The goal of the present study was, therefore, to experimentally determine the bioaccumulation of fully ionized compounds and to identify screening parameters that can indicate high bioaccumulation potential of IOCs. Three feeding studies with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were carried out according to OECD TG 305. Separation of liver, gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and carcass allowed to further elucidate the tissue distribution of the individual test substances. The chemicals chosen had characteristics that made them suspect for high bioaccumulation, and included two cations (tetrabutylphosphonium bromide (TBP), trimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride (TMOA)) and four anions (benzotriazole, tecloftalam, pentachlorophenol (PCP), MEE-phosphonate). Data on the dietary biomagnification of IOCs (strong acids) were also collected from published literature. Results The highest distribution factors were found for the GIT, followed by liver. However, none of the tested IOCs showed a distinct biomagnification potential, as kinetic biomagnification factors (BMFk) ranged between 0.001 and 0.05 g/g (median 0.009 g/g). Cations showed lower assimilation efficiency (α) than anions, except for tecloftalam. In contrast, anions showed a considerably faster depuration rate (half-life less than 0.5 days) compared to cations (half-life of around 5 days). Sixteen potential screening parameters for BMF were calculated with a chemical property estimation tool (ACD/i-Lab) and correlated with the BMF data from this study and from literature. The number of hydrogen bond donors (nHBD) showed the highest correlation to measured BMF, but the prediction is only based on two values (one or two nHBD), while the other descriptors were insignificantly correlated. Conclusion The suspected dietary bioaccumulation potential of the six IOCs could not be confirmed in the feeding studies with rainbow trout. The more than twenty screening parameters showed no particularly high correlation neither with the test results nor with the BMF values collected from literature. The results corroborate earlier findings that ionization lowers the tendency of a chemical for dietary bioaccumulation, compared to non-ionized chemicals. In addition to the lipophobicity of ionic molecule moieties, fast depuration seems to be a major reason for the observed low dietary bioaccumulation of ionic compounds, in particular anions. Fast depuration may happen due to rapid metabolism of charged compounds, and future studies should test this hypothesis.

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“…The adsorption affinities of EDCs to GMs could be affected by solution chemistry in the real aquatic environment. It was reported that cationic surfactants have been widely used in industrial manufactures and personal care products [21][22][23][24][25][26], and the concentration in the aquatic environment, especially in waste water, could reach mg L -1 levels [22][23][24]. Thus, the coexisting cationic surfactant would affect the adsorption behavior of EDCs to GMs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of 17α-Ethinyl Estradiol and Bisphenol A to Graphene-Based Materials: Effects of Configuration of Adsorbates and the Presence of Cationic Surfactant

Wang

Sha

Wang

et al. 2021

Adsorption Science & Technology

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Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have attracted much attention in recent years. Graphene-based materials (GMs) have been deemed as excellent adsorbents for the removal of EDCs. The objective of the present study was to understand how the cationic surfactants (CTAB; cetyltrimethylammonium nitrate) affect the adsorption of EDCs (17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) and bisphenol A (BPA)) on graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxides (RGOs), and the few-layered commercial graphene (CG). It was observed that the presence of CTAB showed different effects on the adsorption of EDCs to different GMs. The adsorption of EDCs on GO was enhanced because of the enhanced hydrophobicity of GMs after the adsorption of CTAB and the newly formed hemimicelles by the adsorbed CTAB, which could serve as the partition phase for EDCs. Moreover, the electron donor-acceptor interaction and cation bridging effect of the –NH4+ group of the adsorbed CTAB between EDCs and GMs could also enhance the adsorption of EDCs to GMs. With the increase of the extent of GM reduction, the adsorption enhancement by the presence of CTAB weakened. This could be attributed to the competition and pore blockage effect caused by the adsorbed CTAB. It is worth noting that the enhancement of CTAB on the adsorption of BPA to GMs was more profound than that of EE2. This is likely because the pore blockage effect plays a less important role in the adsorption of BPA due to its smaller molecular diameter and deformable structure.

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Tissue Distribution of Several Series of Cationic Surfactants in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Following Exposure via Water

Cited by 31 publications

References 45 publications

Bioconcentration of Several Series of Cationic Surfactants in Rainbow Trout

Bioconcentration of Several Series of Cationic Surfactants in Rainbow Trout

Biomagnification of ionizable organic compounds in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

Adsorption of 17α-Ethinyl Estradiol and Bisphenol A to Graphene-Based Materials: Effects of Configuration of Adsorbates and the Presence of Cationic Surfactant

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