Tissue elongation requires oscillating contractions of a basal actomyosin network

He, Li; Wang, Xiaobo; Tang, Ho Lam; Montell, Denise J.

doi:10.1038/ncb2124

Cited by 258 publications

(358 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Follicle cells display at their basal side bundles of contractile actin filaments. These actin filaments are oriented perpendicular to the anteroposterior (long) axis of the egg chamber, but they do not necessarily have a common polarity on this axis [10,11] (figure 1a,e and the electronic supplementary material, figure S1). The planar orientation of basal actin filaments appears to be important for the elongation of egg chambers along their anteroposterior axis that takes place during oogenesis [12].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, two groups of cells at the poles of the egg chamber show oscillating contractions that might act as sources of a mechanical signal [11]. Our modelling tools make it possible to deduce the position of the signal source from the spatial distribution of connected and unconnected wild-type cells, provided signal diffusion and polarization times are comparable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling planar polarity of epithelia: the role of signal relay in collective cell polarization

Viktorinová

Pismen

Aigouy

et al. 2011

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Collective cell polarization is an important characteristic of tissues. Epithelia commonly display cellular structures that are polarized within the plane of the tissue. Establishment of this planar cell polarity requires mechanisms that locally align polarized structures between neighbouring cells, as well as cues that provide global information about alignment relative to an axis of a tissue. In the Drosophila ovary, the cadherin Fat2 is required to orient actin filaments located at the basal side of follicle cells perpendicular to the long axis of the egg chamber. The mechanisms directing this orientation of actin filaments, however, remain unknown. Here we show, using genetic mosaic analysis, that fat2 is not essential for the local alignment of actin filaments between neighbouring cells. Moreover, we provide evidence that Fat2 is involved in the propagation of a cue specifying the orientation of actin filaments relative to the tissue axis. Monte Carlo simulations of actin filament orientation resemble the results of the genetic mosaic analysis, if it is assumed that a polarity signal can propagate from a signal source only through a connected chain of wild-type cells. Our results suggest that Fat2 is required for propagating global polarity information within the follicle epithelium through direct cell -cell contact. Our computational model might be more generally applicable to study collective cell polarization in tissues.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling planar polarity of epithelia: the role of signal relay in collective cell polarization

Viktorinová

Pismen

Aigouy

et al. 2011

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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“…Note that oscillatory dynamics in active systems is widely seen in a biophysical context. For example, shape oscillations in developing cells are believed to be driven by actomyosin networks [68], which have been described theoretically using an elastic model [57].…”

Section: Limit Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Viscoelastic and elastomeric active matter: Linear instability and nonlinear dynamics

2016

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Publisher's copyright statement:Reprinted with permission from the American Physical Society: Physical Review E 93, 032702 c (2016) by the American Physical Society. Readers may view, browse, and/or download material for temporary copying purposes only, provided these uses are for noncommercial personal purposes. Except as provided by law, this material may not be further reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modi ed, adapted, performed, displayed, published, or sold in whole or part, without prior written permission from the American Physical Society.Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. We consider a continuum model of active viscoelastic matter, whereby an active nematic liquid crystal is coupled to a minimal model of polymer dynamics with a viscoelastic relaxation time τ C . To explore the resulting interplay between active and polymeric dynamics, we first generalize a linear stability analysis (from earlier studies without polymer) to derive criteria for the onset of spontaneous heterogeneous flows (strain rate) and/or deformations (strain). We find two modes of instability. The first is a viscous mode, associated with strain rate perturbations. It dominates for relatively small values of τ C and is a simple generalization of the instability known previously without polymer. The second is an elastomeric mode, associated with strain perturbations, which dominates at large τ C and persists even as τ C → ∞. We explore the dynamical states to which these instabilities lead by means of direct numerical simulations. These reveal oscillatory shear-banded states in one dimension and activity-driven turbulence in two dimensions even in the elastomeric limit τ C → ∞. Adding polymer can also have calming effects, increasing the net throughput of spontaneous flow along a channel in a type of drag reduction. The effect of including strong antagonistic coupling between the nematic and polymer is examined numerically, revealing a rich array of spontaneously flowing states.

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“…The basal surfaces of many different epithelia experience dynamic changes in locally generated actomyosin contractile forces (He et al , 2010; Sherrard et al , 2010; Sun et al , 2017; Huebner & Wallingford, 2018) as well as in the constraining force of the basal extracellular matrix (Haigo & Bilder, 2011; Diaz‐de‐la‐Loza et al , 2018). Thus, a full understanding of epithelial morphogenesis will require moving from 2D analysis of the apical surface towards 3D analysis of tissue mechanics at both the apical and basal surface of epithelia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optogenetic control of morphogenesis goes 3D

Thompson

2018

The EMBO Journal

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The generation of form in living embryos, a process termed “morphogenesis” from the Greek word μορφογένεση, is one of the most fascinating unsolved problems in biology. In embryonic epithelia, most attention has been paid to events occurring at the apical surface of epithelia, particularly the regulation of actomyosin contractility during morphogenetic change. In a new report, De Renzis and colleagues demonstrate a key role for regulated actomyosin contractility at the basal surface of the epithelium during formation of the first epithelial fold in Drosophila (the “ventral furrow”) (Krueger et al, 2018).

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Tissue elongation requires oscillating contractions of a basal actomyosin network

Cited by 258 publications

References 40 publications

Modelling planar polarity of epithelia: the role of signal relay in collective cell polarization

Modelling planar polarity of epithelia: the role of signal relay in collective cell polarization

Viscoelastic and elastomeric active matter: Linear instability and nonlinear dynamics

Optogenetic control of morphogenesis goes 3D

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