Tissue Engineering Craniofacial Defects With Adult Stem Cells? Are We Ready Yet?

Zuk, Patricia A.

doi:10.1203/pdr.0b013e31816bdf36

Cited by 95 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 135 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…In pediatrics, a large number of cases also have cleft lips and a palate that needs to be reconstructed with autologous bone implants. Unfortunately, these procedures involve many complications that could dramatically impact the speech and swallowing of the children [Zuk, 2008].…”

Section: Mscs For Treating Oral and Craniofacial Bone Injuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Bone Regenerative Medicine: What Is the Evidence?

Oryan

Kamali²,

Moshiri³

et al. 2017

Cells Tissues Organs

292

204

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Healing and regeneration of bone injuries, particularly those that are associated with large bone defects, are a complicated process. There is growing interest in the application of osteoinductive and osteogenic growth factors and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in order to significantly improve bone repair and regeneration. MSCs are multipotent stromal stem cells that can be harvested from many different sources and differentiated into a variety of cell types, such as preosteogenic chondroblasts and osteoblasts. The effectiveness of MSC therapy is dependent on several factors, including the differentiating state of the MSCs at the time of application, the method of their delivery, the concentration of MSCs per injection, the vehicle used, and the nature and extent of injury, for example. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, together with genetic engineering and gene therapy, are advanced options that may have the potential to improve the outcome of cell therapy. Although several in vitro and in vivo investigations have suggested the potential roles of MSCs in bone repair and regeneration, the mechanism of MSC therapy in bone repair has not been fully elucidated, the efficacy of MSC therapy has not been strongly proven in clinical trials, and several controversies exist, making it difficult to draw conclusions from the results. In this review, we update the recent advances in the mechanisms of MSC action and the delivery approaches in bone regenerative medicine. We will also review the most recent clinical trials to find out how MSCs may be beneficial for treating bone defects.

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Section: Mscs For Treating Oral and Craniofacial Bone Injuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Bone Regenerative Medicine: What Is the Evidence?

Oryan

Kamali²,

Moshiri³

et al. 2017

Cells Tissues Organs

292

204

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“…Nevertheless, harvesting of BMSCs by bone marrow aspiration is a painful procedure and the number of cells acquired is usually low. Adipose tissue can therefore be considered an attractive alternative source [11][12][13][14] since it can be collected in large quantities from adipose tissue fragments. Human adipose stem cells (ASCs) are an abundant cell source with therapeutic applicability in pre-clinical studies in diverse fields, due to their ability to readily be expanded and their capacity to undergo adipogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, neurogenic and myogenic differentiation in vitro [2,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Adipose Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine

Lindroos

Suuronen

Miettinen

2010

Stem Cell Rev and Rep

404

340

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Adipose stem cells (ASCs) are an attractive and abundant stem cell source with therapeutic applicability in diverse fields for the repair and regeneration of acute and chronically damaged tissues. Importantly, unlike the human bone marrow stromal/stem stem cells (BMSCs) that are present at low frequency in the bone marrow, ASCs can be retrieved in high number from either liposuction aspirates or subcutaneous adipose tissue fragments and can easily be expanded in vitro. ASCs display properties similar to that observed in BMSCs and, upon induction, undergo at least osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic and neurogenic, differentiation in vitro. Furthermore, ASCs have been shown to be immunoprivileged, prevent severe graft-versus-host disease in vitro and in vivo and to be genetically stable in long-term culture. They have also proven applicability in other functions, such as providing hematopoietic support and gene transfer. Due to these characteristics, ASCs have rapidly advanced into clinical trials for treatment of a broad range of conditions. As cell therapies are becoming more frequent, clinical laboratories following good manufacturing practices are needed. At the same time as laboratory processes become more extensive, the need for control in the processing laboratory grows consequently involving a greater risk of complications and possibly adverse events for the recipient. Therefore, the safety, reproducibility and quality of the stem cells must thoroughly be examined prior to extensive use in clinical applications. In this review, some of the aspects of examination on ASCs in vitro and the utilization of ASCs in clinical studies are discussed.

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“…For that purpose, external regenerative resources including scaffolds, cells and growth/trophic factors (GF) either alone or in combination are employed (Place et al, 2009;Tanner, 2010;, Rokn et al, 2011). The general strategy of TE uses undifferentiated cells seeded within a scaffold which defines the geometry of the replacement tissues, and provides environmental cues to promote the development of new tissues (Zuk, 2008;,Place et al, 2009;Binderman et al, 2011.). It is now well understood that the cell-scaffold interaction is a crucial part of TE and should mimic the interaction between cell surface receptors and the extracellular matrix (ECM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scaffold should be manufactured from bioactive material that allows attachment of cells to its surface and their transformation to functional osteoblasts. Its design should contain macropores, 200-500 µm across, to allow in-growth of bone tissue and blood vessels, and apposition of mineralized bone matrix directly on the surface of the material (Hing et al,2004;Zuk, 2008). On the other hand, biocompatible scaffold are less desirable since they allow formation of bone arbitrarily.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%