Tissue engineering for neurodegenerative diseases using human amniotic membrane and umbilical cord

Abstract

Regenerative medicine, based on the use of stem cells, scaffolds and growth factors, has the potential to be a good approach for restoring damaged tissues of the central nervous system. This study investigated the use of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSC), human amniotic epithelial stem cells (hAESC), and human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (hWJMSC) derived from human umbilical cord as a source of stem cells, and the potential of the human amniotic membrane (HAM) as a scaffold and/or source of growth factors to promote nerve regeneration. The hAMSC and hAESC obtained from HAM and the hWJMSC from umbilical cords were cultured in induction medium to obtain neural-like cells. The morphological differentiation of hAMSC, hAESC and hWJMSC into neural-like cells was evident after 4-5 days, when they acquired an elongated and multipolar shape, and at 21 days, when they expressed neural and glial markers. On other way, the HAM was completely decellularized without affecting the components of the basement membrane or the matrix. Subsequently, hAMSC, hAESC and hWJMSC differentiated into neural-like cells were seeded onto the decellularized HAM, maintaining their morphology. Finally, conditioned media from the HAM allowed proliferation of hAMSC, hAESC and hWJMSC differentiated to neural-like cells. Both HAM and umbilical cord are biomaterials with great potential for use in regenerative medicine for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

The Higher Inherent Therapeutic Potential of Biomaterial-Based hDPSCs and hEnSCs for Pancreas Diseases

“…hADSCs showed significant osteogenic phenotypes in previous study (Zuk et al, 2002 ), and our data further demonstrated that hADSCs exhibited higher osteogenic differentiation compared with hEnSCs and hDPSCs. Additionally, hDPSCs showed more remarkable osteogenic potential compared with hEnSCs as well, which was consistent with the previous publication (Tabatabaei and Torshabi, 2017 ).…”

Decellularized Human Chorion Membrane as a Novel Biomaterial for Tissue Regeneration

“…Some placenta-derived products are already used for tissue regeneration [1,[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Nevertheless, when non-decellularized, they are only used in poorly vascularized sites, such as some wounds, tendon, ligament and cartilage [13].…”

Human bone graft cytocompatibility with mesenchymal stromal cells is comparable after thermal sterilization and washing followed by γ-irradiation: an in vitro study

“…In particular, bacterial debris and cellular components remaining inside the graft after sterilization may have a detrimental effect on osseointegration process [ 12 , 13 ]. Lomas et al [ 14 ] previously described a wash protocol for the recovered donor bone which since then has been optimized for better removal of protein, fat, blood and bone marrow [ 15 , 16 ]. Current scientific data on the biological performance of washed and γ-irradiated bone allografts as scaffolds for MSCs in comparison to other processing methods is limited.…”