Tissue homeostasis and cell death

Hinsull, S. M.; Bellamy, D.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-6921-9_5

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…DNA fragmentation may have previously fallen below the threshold of standard methods of detection, since dying cells need only form a small percentage of total tissue mass (an estimated 2 ± 3%) to obtain substantial daily regression of tissue (Bursch et al, 1990). It is likely that the nucleosomal ladders observed with LMPCR are derived from apoptotic cell death accompanying homeostatic regulation (Hinsull and Bellamy, 1981) since none of the tissues examined underwent experimental manipulation prior to isolation of DNA. More nucleosomal-sized fragments were detected in tissues undergoing rapid cell turnover, such as the intestine, than in tissues with slow cell turnover, such as the brain (Gavrieli et al, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apoptotic DNA fragmentation is detected by a semi-quantitative ligation-mediated PCR of blunt DNA ends

1997

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Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death (PCD) characterized by morphological changes and stereotypical DNA degradation described as a nucleosomal`ladder'. However, nucleosomal ladders have only been clearly demonstrated in vertebrate tissues when large numbers of cells die in synchrony. Their absence may be explained by asynchronous death under physiological conditions, or by distinct molecular mechanisms. In this study, nucleosomal ladders were revealed by a ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction (LMPCR), that amplifies DNA fragments with blunt, 5' phosphorylated ends. Numerous tissues from different organisms were examined which demonstrated that nucleosomal ladders (a) accompany physiological cell death in mammalian tissues where previously DNA fragmentation has not been detected; (b) are produced during invertebrate cell death; (c) are invariably generated via the production of blunt, 5' phosphorylated double strand breaks. These results suggest that PCD in multicellular organisms consistently involves apoptotic mechanisms and that the endonuclease activity is evolutionarily conserved.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apoptotic DNA fragmentation is detected by a semi-quantitative ligation-mediated PCR of blunt DNA ends

1997

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“…CLAESSON and HARTMANN (1976) used a nigrosin dye exclusion test and found that 3-5% of thymocytes died during the 1st month of life, whereas 20% died during the 1st year. As concluded by HINSULL and BELLAMY (1981), during aging more and more lymphocytes which have undergone cell division in the cortex move toward the medulla and die. It is possible that the human thymus generates a similar age-dependent emigration, although this hypothesis is still rather speculative.…”

Section: Cellular Proliferation and Cell Deathmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The same authors speculate that there might exist an intrinsic control system of the thymus which regulates size, shape, and development of the organ, and is based on master cells (chalone idea) that regulate cell division in adjacent cells (HINSULL and BELLAMY 1981). This hypothesis has not yet been substantiated completely.…”

Section: Stimulation Models and Cellular Cooperationmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…SAINTE-MARIE and PENG (1974) found in rats that 80-100% of all small lymphocytes leave the thymus and settle in spleen and lymph nodes if steroid-sensitive cortical thymocytes have been destroyed before labeling. Thus the process of cell loss in thymus homeostasis is still the subject of controversy (for review see HINSULL and BELLAMY 1981).…”

Section: Cellular Proliferation and Cell Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The thymus is a favorite model for the explanation of tissue homeostasis and cell death (HINSULL and BELLAMY 1981), because it is composed of continuously replicating and dying cells. The volume of the TES and, above all, of the cortex has a considerable degree of autonomy under physiological conditions.…”

Section: Cellular Proliferation and Cell Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

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