Tissue Residues, Performance and Ruminal and Blood Characteristics of Steers Fed Ronnel and Activated Carbon

Ts, Rumsey; Ee, Williams; Ad, Evans

doi:10.2527/jas1975.404743x

Cited by 9 publications

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“…Activated charcoal has been used in the diet to reduce the uptake of pesticides Cook, 1970. Smalley et al, 1971;Tidemann and Sehingoethe, 1974;Rumsey et al, 1975c). Once absorbed, however, it is difficult to affect the dissipation rate of many lipophilic residues from fat tissue.…”

Section: Residue Curvementioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Approaches to Studying Metabolic Fate of Xenobiotics in Food Animals

Rumsey¹

1983

Journal of Animal Science

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The use of agricultural chemicals is an important aspect of animal production. Animal scientists have played an active and varied role in the recent and rapidly developed use of these chemicals. Although approval to use agricultural chemicals has always been based on both efficacy and end point residues, increased consumer concerns during the past one and one-half decades about the safety of these chemicals have caused greater awareness for the latter. In this regard, emphasis on the total residue curve of an agricultural chemical should serve as a tool that will help optimize dose rate on one hand and minimize end point residues on the other hand. Selection against lipophilic materials has resulted in a marked reduction in residue load. However, problems with lipophilic residues still exist, and knowledge about how to prevent or manage these residues in animals as well as fundamental knowledge about their absorption is needed. Continued emphasis on reducing residue load of hydrophilic chemicals through the use of devices such as implants, boluses and ear tags should have high priority as should research on the absorption and excretion mechanisms of these chemicals. There are two important areas of research that are needed to help us deal with end point residues in the future. One is better understanding of the toxicology of end point residues so we can move away from the concept of zero tolerance toward basing all of our guidelines for the use of a chemical on biological principles. The other is better understanding of the specific mode of action of the chemicals we use, which will permit more refined management of agricultural chemicals and a further assurance of safety.

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Section: Residue Curvementioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Approaches to Studying Metabolic Fate of Xenobiotics in Food Animals

Rumsey¹

1983

Journal of Animal Science

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“…The advent of growth-promoting compounds, such as the anabolic, synthetic estrogen, DES, led to significant improvements in livestock growth and feed efficiency (Burroughs et al, 1954). In the last 10 years, organophosphate pesticides have been shown to promote growth in cattle (Rumsey et al, 1975;Rumsey, 1979) but, unlike the anabolic agents, the mechanism whereby organophosphates improve growth perfomiance is poorly understood (Rumsey et al, 1981a (Guyton, 1976;Atkins, 1981 (Ingle et al, 1973;Pothoven and Beitz, 1973). Based on overall rates of fatty acid synthesis, therefore, adipose tissue from younger steers was more metabolically active than adipose tissue from older steers, thus providing further manifestation of the general decline in metabolic responsiveness that occurs with age.…”

Section: Discussion and Sim4arymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, one manifestation of administration of estrogens, known to be anabolic in ruminants, is increased secretion of growth hormone; estrogen administration is associated with increased protein content and decreased lipid content of carcasses (Trenkle, 1970;Borger et al, 1973). Feeding of ronnel, an organophosphate pesticide that improves growth performance of cattle (Rumsey et al, 1975;Thomas and Ware, 1978;Rumsey, 1979;Rumsey et al, 1981a), results in significant increases in plasma concentrations of Ti, in steers (Rumsey et al, 1981a).…”

Section: An Increase In Rates Of Oxidation Of Acetate To Co2 With Incmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dosages employed in these experiments are considerably lower than doses used previously, thus creating potential for a more physiological rather than a toxicological response. Several researchers in the last five to six years have shown that adding ronnel to cattle diets results in increased average daily body weight gains and improvements in feed efficiency (Rumsey et al, 1975;Rumsey, 1976;Riley and Ware, 1977;Thomas and Ware, 1978;Rumsey, 1979;Rumsey et al, 1981a).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In the last 10 years, organophosphate pesticides have received attention because of their ability to promote growth when fed to cattle (Johnson et al, 1971;Johnson et al, 1974). Ronnel, [0,0-dimethyl 0-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl) phosphorothioate], is an anthelmintic and insecticidal organophosphate that improves growth performance of cattle (Rumsey et al, 1975;Thomas and Ware, 1978;Rumsey, 1979;Rumsey et al, 1981a). While little infomation is available describing exactly how ronnel produces growth-promoting effects, substantial evidence exists to suggest that ronnel acts by way of a postruminal mechanism (Plapp and Casida, 1958;Rumsey, 1979;Trankinà et al, 1981Trankinà et al, , 1982.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of organophosphate pesticides on lipogenesis in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle of steers

Trankina

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LIST OF FIGURES Effect of ronnel on oxidation of acetate to (Dg in subcutaneous adipose tissue frcan 6-month-old steers Effect of ronnel on oxidation of acetate to CO2 in subcutaneous adipose tissue from 12-month-old steers Effect of ronnel on oxidation of acetate to CO2 in subcutaneous adipose tissue from 18-month-old steers Effect of ronnel on fatty acid synthesis from acetate in subcutaneous adipose tissus frcsn 6-month-old steers Effect of ronnel on fatty acid synthesis from acetate in subcutaneous adipose tissue from 12-month-old steers Effect of ronnel on fatty acid synthesis from acetate in subcutaneous adipose tissue from 18-month-old steers Effect of ronnel on recycling of acetate carbon into glycerol in subcutaneous adipose tissue from 6-month-old steers Effect of ronnel on recycling of acetate carbon into glycerol in subcutaneous adipose tissue from 12-month-old steers Effect of ronnel on recycling of acetate carbon into glycerol in subcutaneous adipose tissue from 18-month-old steers Effect of ronnel on conversion of glucose to product in skeletal muscle from 6-month-old steers Effect of ronnel on conversion of glucose to product in skeletal muscle from 12-month-old steers Effect of ronnel on conversion of glucose to product in skeletal muscle from IS-mnth

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Chemical control of rumen microbial metabolism

Chalupa¹

1980

Digestive Physiology and Metabolism in Ruminants

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Tissue Residues, Performance and Ruminal and Blood Characteristics of Steers Fed Ronnel and Activated Carbon

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Experimental Approaches to Studying Metabolic Fate of Xenobiotics in Food Animals

Experimental Approaches to Studying Metabolic Fate of Xenobiotics in Food Animals

Effects of organophosphate pesticides on lipogenesis in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle of steers

Chemical control of rumen microbial metabolism

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