Tissue-wide coordination of epithelium-to-neural stem cell transition in the <i>Drosophila</i> optic lobe requires Neuralized

Shard, Chloe; Luna-Escalante, Juan C.; Schweisguth, François

doi:10.1083/jcb.202005035

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 84 publications

(129 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, in Drosophila, Crb can act both as a positive regulator and as a negative regulator of ROCK-mediated actomyosin contractility. aPKC, Pak1, and Moesin have all been implicated as downstream effectors of Crb in this context [230][231][232][233][234][235]. Taken together, the current data implicate the Crumbs complex in the coordination of Rho-and Cdc42-dependent actomyosin activity at the apical-lateral border.…”

Section: Role Of the Crumbs Complex In Hippo Signaling And The Regula...supporting

confidence: 56%

New insights into the organization and regulation of the apical polarity network in mammalian epithelial cells

et al. 2021

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Cell polarity is a fundamental property of most animal cells and is critical during development and for most cell and tissue functions. Epithelial cells are organized into apical and basolateral compartments, and this intrinsic cellular asymmetry is essential for all functions that are carried out by epithelial tissue. The establishment of a polarized epithelial phenotype is orchestrated by major rearrangements of the cell cytoskeleton, polarized membrane trafficking, the formation and maturation of epithelial cell junctions, cell signaling pathways, and the generation of cortical phospholipid asymmetry. These processes need to be coordinated precisely in time and space and integrated with physical and chemical signals from the environment, failure of which leads to severe developmental disorders and various human diseases. At the heart of this regulatory network are the evolutionarily conserved polarity modules Par, Crumbs, and Scribble, whose components engage in complex cooperative and antagonistic interactions to compartmentalize and functionalize the epithelial cell cortex and to control the spatiotemporal activity of downstream polarity effectors. In this review, we will discuss recent insights into the organization and regulation of the mammalian Par and Crumbs modules and outline a hypothetical framework of how these proteins orchestrate epithelial polarity development, HIPPO signaling, and actomyosin activity at the apical–lateral border.

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Section: Role Of the Crumbs Complex In Hippo Signaling And The Regula...supporting

confidence: 56%

New insights into the organization and regulation of the apical polarity network in mammalian epithelial cells

et al. 2021

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“…The loss of the Crb complex then precipitates the concurrent loss of the apical membrane and AJs. A similar regulatory interplay between Crb, Sdt, and Neur was also observed during early neurogenesis in the Drosophila optic lobes ( Shard et al, 2020 ). Here, neural stem cells emerge from a wave front in the optic lobes rather than ingress as individual cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Crumbs complex–directed apical membrane dynamics in epithelial cell ingression

Simões

Lerchbaumer

Pellikka

et al. 2022

Journal of Cell Biology

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Epithelial cells often leave their tissue context and ingress to form new cell types or acquire migratory ability to move to distant sites during development and tumor progression. Cells lose their apical membrane and epithelial adherens junctions during ingression. However, how factors that organize apical–basal polarity contribute to ingression is unknown. Here, we show that the dynamic regulation of the apical Crumbs polarity complex is crucial for normal neural stem cell ingression. Crumbs endocytosis and recycling allow ingression to occur in a normal timeframe. During early ingression, Crumbs and its complex partner the RhoGEF Cysts support myosin and apical constriction to ensure robust ingression dynamics. During late ingression, the E3-ubiquitin ligase Neuralized facilitates the disassembly of the Crumbs complex and the rapid endocytic removal of the apical cell domain. Our findings reveal a mechanism integrating cell fate, apical polarity, endocytosis, vesicle trafficking, and actomyosin contractility to promote cell ingression, a fundamental morphogenetic process observed in animal development and cancer.

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“…It is interesting to speculate that these defects in the lamina furrow are due to defects in the neuroepithelial cell remodelling in the absence of Shmt. Interestingly it has also been previously shown that the transition from neuroepithelia to medulla NBs is accompanied by the remodelling of the newly formed NSC, which must apically constrict before dividing ( Shard et al, 2020 ). These NSCs at the transition zone, also called epithelial-like neural stem cell (epi-NSC), apically constrict due to myosin pulses and only afterwards undergo an asymmetric cell division to form an NB, which will then generate a GMC and ultimately neurons ( Shard et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Interestingly it has also been previously shown that the transition from neuroepithelia to medulla NBs is accompanied by the remodelling of the newly formed NSC, which must apically constrict before dividing ( Shard et al, 2020 ). These NSCs at the transition zone, also called epithelial-like neural stem cell (epi-NSC), apically constrict due to myosin pulses and only afterwards undergo an asymmetric cell division to form an NB, which will then generate a GMC and ultimately neurons ( Shard et al, 2020 ). Thus, although we observed that fate determinants are still expressed at the transition zone from neuroepithelia to medulla NBs, the defects in the formation of the medulla could also be due to remodelling defects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Serine hydroxymethyl transferase (Shmt) is required for optic lobe neuroepithelia development in Drosophila

2023

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Cell fate and growth require one-carbon units for the biosynthesis of nucleotides, methylation reactions, and redox homeostasis, provided by one-carbon metabolism. Consistently, defects in one-carbon metabolism lead to severe developmental defects, such as neural tube defects. However, the role of this pathway during brain development and in neural stem cell regulation is poorly understood. To better understand the role of one carbon metabolism we focused on the enzyme Serine hydroxymethyl transferase (Shmt), a key player of the one-carbon cycle, during Drosophila brain development. We show that although loss of Shmt does not cause obvious defects in the central brain, it leads to severe phenotypes in the optic lobe. The shmt mutants have smaller optic lobe neuroepithelia partly justified by increased apoptosis. Additionally, shmt mutant neuroepithelia have morphological defects, failing to form a lamina furrow likely explaining the observed absence of lamina neurons. These findings show that one-carbon metabolism is critical for the normal development of neuroepithelia, and consequently for the generation of neural progenitor cells and neurons. These results propose a mechanistic role for one-carbon during brain development.

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Tissue-wide coordination of epithelium-to-neural stem cell transition in the Drosophila optic lobe requires Neuralized

Cited by 11 publications

References 84 publications

New insights into the organization and regulation of the apical polarity network in mammalian epithelial cells

New insights into the organization and regulation of the apical polarity network in mammalian epithelial cells

Crumbs complex–directed apical membrane dynamics in epithelial cell ingression

Serine hydroxymethyl transferase (Shmt) is required for optic lobe neuroepithelia development in Drosophila

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