Titania Coated Ceramic Membrane from Clay and Muntilan Sand for Wastewater Filter Application

Abstract

A ceramic membrane was fabricated from clay and Muntilan sand using sol-gel method with certain amount of titania coated on the membrane surface. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used as a pore-agent. The main steps of the process are hot-pressing and calcination. Varying the clay:sand:PEG ratio membranes permeability was obtained between 6.39 x 10-13 m2/Pa.s and 1.39 x 10-11 m2/Pa.s. The addition of sand volume fraction improves the permeability produced as result of the larger of the sand particle producing the higher pores. The filtration performance was tested using aqueous solutions of methylene blue (MB) as one of the main pollutants produced from textile industries. Under a pressure difference of 4 kPa, the concentrations of MB remaining in the solution varied from 1.73% to 10.29% depending on the permeability. Therefore, the membrane is very potential to be applied as wastewater filter for coping with the availibity of clean water.

Lattice gas cellular automata for determination of volumetric fluxes through porous media with various thickness and pore structure

“…Membrane with a large pore size will result in greater flux but lower selectivity [1][2][3][4]. The function of a porous membrane is related to its structure such as porosity, tortuosity, pore size, pore distribution, and membrane thickness [1,2].…”