Titanium and Chromium Determination in Feedstuffs Using ICP-AES Technique

Abstract

The present study represents the determination of Ti and Cr in dry animal feeds using wet acid digestion and inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), in order to use these metals as digestibility markers. A radiofrequency power of 1350 W and a nebulizer argon flow of 0.8 L/min was selected. The limits of detection were between 11.4 and 16.1 μg/g for titanium and between 10.7 and 38.2 μg/g for chromium. The recovery values for the aqueous solutions were 89.5–103.9% (titanium) and 85.3–104.2% (chromium), with relative standard deviations (RSD%) under 2.1% and standard errors under 2.32%, demonstrating that the method offered good accuracy and repeatability. Six different samples of commercially available feedstuffs (two cat foods, two dog foods, and two poultry foods) were analyzed and the levels of investigated metals were found to be in the ranges of 0.10 g/kg and <LOD for chromium and titanium, respectively (dog foods); 0.10–0.18 g/kg, 0.70 g/kg for chromium and titanium, respectively (cat foods); and 0.07 g/kg, 0.82–1.35 g/kg for chromium and titanium, respectively (poultry foods).

Phytoremediation of iron in ex-sand mining waters by water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)

“…Measurement of Fe concentration was carried out before the experimental process took place to find out the Fe concentration at the beginning before treatment. Measurement of Fe concentration, refers to the EPA 2007 (5 th Revision) method (APHA 2012), using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) (Manning and Grow 2019); Velitchkova et al 2013;Tsanaktsidou and Zachariadis 2020). Considering the level of precision of the measurement results, all water samples are handled as soon as possible in the laboratory.…”

The Pivotal Role of Chemistry in Research and Development

“…The recovery values for the aqueous solutions were 89.5-103.9% (titanium) and 85.3-104.2% (chromium), with relative standard deviations (RSD%) under 2.1% and standard errors under 2.32%, demonstrating that the method offered good accuracy and repeatability. Six different samples of commercially available feedstuffs (two cat foods, two dog foods, and two poultry foods) were analyzed and the levels of investigated metals were found to be in the ranges of 0.10 g/kg and <LOD for chromium and titanium, respectively (dog foods); 0.10-0.18 g/kg, 0.70 g/kg for chromium and titanium, respectively (cat foods); and 0.07 g/kg, 0.82-1.35 g/kg for chromium and titanium, respectively (poultry foods) [14].…”

“…Food sciences and technology, food and feed authenticity/adulteration, food aroma profiling, quality control and assurance are based on chemical studies [13][14][15][16][17][18]. The changes occurring in foods during processing and storage, and the mechanisms and influencing factors involved, are fully explained by chemical reactions/interactions between food components [19][20][21].…”

Mineral Composition of Cereal and Cereal-Free Dry Dog Foods versus Nutritional Guidelines

“…Nutritional guidelines provide minimum and, in some cases, maximum recommended Molecules 2020, 25, 5173 2 of 24 levels for the elements that are essential in a dog's diet (Ca, P, K, Na, Cl, Mg, Cu, I, Fe, Mn, Se, Zn). Their quantities in dog food should be monitored and are verified in scientific research [7][8][9][10][11][12][13], as it is important for animal heath safety [14][15][16].…”