Titanium dioxide food additive (E171) induces ROS formation and genotoxicity: contribution of micro and nano-sized fractions

Proquin, Héloïse; Rodríguez‐Ibarra, Carolina; Moonen, Carolyn G. J.; Ortega, Ismael M Urrutia; Briedé, Jacob J.; Kok, Theo M. de; Loveren, Henk Van; Chirino, Yolanda I.

doi:10.1093/mutage/gey011

Cited by 37 publications

(76 citation statements)

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“…In line with the findings of Faust et al [26], recent piece of evidence suggests some adverse effects of oral exposure to E171 on the intestinal mucosa barrier with a putative additional impact on intestinal diseases and colorectal cancer [61][62][63]. Proquin et al [63] showed in vitro that E171-induced ROS formation and DNA damage through its micro-sized and/or nanosized fractions in Caco-2 and HCT116 cells. In rodents, Bettini et al [61] found TiO 2 particles present in Peyer's patches along the small intestine as well as in the colonic mucosa of rats orally given E171 at human relevant levels.…”

Section: Tio 2 In Interaction With the Intestinal Epitheliummentioning

confidence: 63%

Titanium Dioxide as Food Additive

Ropers¹,

Terrisse²,

Mercier‐Bonin³

et al. 2017

Application of Titanium Dioxide

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Titanium dioxide is a white metal oxide used in many food categories as food additives to provide a whitening effect. If its use complies with the five specifications including synthesis pathway, crystallographic phase, purity, amount and innocuousness, all other parameters are not defined and were hardly documented. However, in the last 3 years, two studies have deeply characterized food-grade TiO 2 and converged to the fact that the size distribution of food-grade TiO 2 spans over the nanoparticle range (<100 nm) and the surface is not pure TiO 2 but covered by phosphate and eventually silicon species or aluminium species, which modify the surface chemistry of these particles. Until now, this material was considered as safe. However, the toxicological studies later to the last re-evaluation by the European Food Safety Agency reveal some concerns due to the ability of TiO 2 particles to alter the intestinal barrier. This reinforces the idea to go on reinforcing the risk assessment about food-grade TiO 2 .

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Section: Tio 2 In Interaction With the Intestinal Epitheliummentioning

confidence: 63%

Titanium Dioxide as Food Additive

Ropers¹,

Terrisse²,

Mercier‐Bonin³

et al. 2017

Application of Titanium Dioxide

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“…In addition to the systematic review by Charles et al (2018) on in vitro genotoxicity studies with nano titanium dioxide, ANSES has assessed three in vitro studies, among them Proquin et al (2017) previously reviewed by EFSA (EFSA ANS Panel, 2018) and one in vivo genotoxicity study (Jensen et al, 2019).…”

Section: Efsa Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

EFSA statement on the review of the risks related to the exposure to the food additive titanium dioxide (E 171) performed by the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES)

2019

EFS2

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On 15 April 2019, the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES) published an opinion on the risks related to the exposure to the food additive titanium dioxide (E 171) taking into account the most recent scientific studies available. Further to this publication, EFSA was requested by the European Commission to provide urgent scientific and technical assistance regarding the opinion issued by ANSES. In the ANSES opinion, 25 new relevant publications published between 2017 and 2019 were reviewed together with previous opinions by EFSA and ANSES and a systematic review on in vitro genotoxicity of nano titanium dioxide. In this statement, EFSA concludes that the ANSES opinion published in April 2019 does not identify any major new findings that would overrule the conclusions made in the previous two scientific opinions on the safety of titanium dioxide (E 171) as a food additive issued by the EFSA ANS Panel in 2016 and 2018. The ANSES opinion reiterates the previously identified uncertainties and data gaps, which are currently being addressed in the context of the follow‐up activities originating from the previous EFSA evaluations and their recommendations. In addition to the aspects for which the follow‐up work is currently ongoing, ANSES recommends further investigation of in vivo genotoxicity. EFSA considers this recommendation should be revisited once the ongoing work on the physico‐chemical characterisation of the food additive titanium dioxide (E 171) is completed.

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“…Essa crescente utilização de aditivos químicos preocupa órgãos ligados à saúde pública e tem despertado o interesse de pesquisadores, devido aos riscos da utilização desses produtos relacionados ao desenvolvimento de diversas doenças, pois os aditivos alimentares têm sido relacionados a reações alérgicas (ABD-ELHAKIM et al, 2018), irritabilidade, distúrbios do sono, hiperatividade, câncer (PROQUIN et al, 2017), sensibilização, inflamação tecidual e aumento de risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas (KOLLER et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Esses bioaditivos são inovações tecnológicas que trazem menores danos ambientais ao demandarem menores custos energéticos na sua produção (FELIPE; BICAS, 2016). Porém, mesmo essas substâncias utilizadas como aditivos, que estão presentes naturalmente nos alimentos (bioaditivos), se consumidas em altas concentrações podem causar efeitos adversos à saúde, e assim é estabelecido para tal um limite de ingestão diária aceitável (IDA) e o consumo acima do IDA pode causar toxicidade, incluindo, genotoxicidade e alterações na expressão gênica (PROQUIN et al, 2017;TEIXEIRA, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Ações Toxicológicas Dos Aditivos Alimentares No Sistema Cardiovascular

Souza¹,

Sousa²,

Ferreira³

et al. 2020

Aspectos Translacionais Da Toxicodinâmica De Aditivos Alimentares

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Todo o conteúdo deste livro está licenciado sob uma Licença de Atribuição Creative Commons. Atribuição 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0). O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores. Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, mas sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais.

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Titanium dioxide food additive (E171) induces ROS formation and genotoxicity: contribution of micro and nano-sized fractions

Cited by 37 publications

References 0 publications

Titanium Dioxide as Food Additive

Titanium Dioxide as Food Additive

EFSA statement on the review of the risks related to the exposure to the food additive titanium dioxide (E 171) performed by the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES)

Ações Toxicológicas Dos Aditivos Alimentares No Sistema Cardiovascular

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