TMD in Females with Menstrual Disorders

Abstract

Background: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a common reason for patients to present at dental offices. The majority of people with TMD are women between the age of 20 and 40 years. The purpose of this study was to assess the types and prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in female patients of reproductive age with menstrual disorders. Materials and methods: The study involved 65 females of reproductive age (18–40 years, an average of 28.00 ± 6.27 years). The women who qualified for the study were patients of the University Center for Maternal and Newborn’s Health hospitalized because of infertility or menstrual cycle disorders. Women with confirmed estrogen metabolism disorders participated in a clinical study with the use of Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD). Results: In the studied female patients with menstrual disorders, temporomandibular disorders (92.3%) were frequent occurrences. The most common type was intra-articular joint disorders (68%). Other reported complaints included masticatory muscle pain (44.62%), and degenerative joint diseases (12.3%). Conclusions: 1. In women with menstrual disorders, TMD may exist. 2. In women with TMD symptoms, their medical history should be extended to include the diagnosis of female hormone disorders.

A Meta-Analysis of the Global Prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders

“…Warren and Fried suggest that the sex and age distribution of TMDs suggests a possible link between its pathogenesis and the female hormonal axis [ 66 ]. A study by Jedynak et al suggests that extended female endocrine dysfunction may be associated with TMDs [ 67 ]. The observations in this meta-analysis associated with a higher prevalence of TMDs in women may be related to endocrine function.…”

Genetic overlap between temporomandibular disorders and primary headaches: A systematic review

“…The same goes for PHD, as there is evidence that a late luteal decrease in estrogen is both a trigger [123] , [124] and an aggravating factor [125] in the migraine’s pain intensity. There are studies in which, similarly to the TMD, between 20% and 60% of females report relation to menstruation [126] , [127] . The evidence of the estrogen relationship was strong enough to originate the sub-classification of Menstrual Migraine credited by the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICDH-3) [128] .…”

Sex hormones associated with temporomandibular pain on palpation in male adolescents—Results of the epidemiologic LIFE child study

“…11 A turning point did not occur until the 1990s, when the role of hormones, especially oestrogen, was recognised. 12 Consequently, further studies in this context, including recent ones, 13,14 focused primarily on female patients.…”