To Be or Not To Be Pseudocapacitive?

Brousse, Thierry; Bélanger, Daniel; Long, Jeffrey W.

doi:10.1149/2.0201505jes

Cited by 2,229 publications

(1,198 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Hence, all research efforts are geared towards improving on the energy density of supercapacitors without sacrificing their high power density and high cyclability. Generally, supercapacitors can be classified into two categories according to their different energy storage mechanisms: Electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) and pseudocapacitors (RuO and MnO) [4,9]. EDLCs energy storage mechanism is based on electrical double layer charge accumulation at the interface between the electrode and electrolyte.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of porous carbon from expanded graphite for high energy density supercapacitor in aqueous electrolyte

Barzegar

Bello

Momodu

et al. 2016

Journal of Power Sources

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In this work, we present the synthesis of low cost carbon nanosheets derived from expanded graphite dispersed in Polyvinylpyrrolidone, subsequently activated in KOH and finally .This electrical double layer capacitor electrode also exhibits excellent stability after floating test for 120 h in 6 M KOH aqueous electrolyte. These results suggest that this activated expanded graphite (AEG) material has great potential for high performance electrode in energy storage applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of porous carbon from expanded graphite for high energy density supercapacitor in aqueous electrolyte

Barzegar

Bello

Momodu

et al. 2016

Journal of Power Sources

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“…Scientists all around the world are faced with a great challenge of obtaining a system with high capacitance resulting in the higher energy of supercapacitors. The increase in capacitance can be reached by additional quick faradaic reactions, commonly known as pseudocapacitive effects [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. In this case, pseudocapacitive effect and doublelayer capacitance both form the total capacitance of an electrochemical capacitor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The application of activated carbon modified by ozone treatment for energy storage

Lota

Krawczyk

Lota

et al. 2016

J Solid State Electrochem

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Activated carbon modified by ozone treatment was examined. The process was carried out in a glass reactor under a continuous flow of ozone through a bed of activated carbon for 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 min. The modified and unmodified carbon materials were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thermogravimetric analysis was used to estimate the presence of oxygen groups in the carbon structure. The surface area and pore size distribution were examined by nitrogen adsorption method at 77 K. Moreover, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to estimate the functional groups of modified activated carbon. The carbon content was estimated using the elemental analysis. The process of ozonation increases oxygen functionalities, thus the activated carbon was tested as electrodes for an electrochemical capacitor. The performance of an electrochemical capacitor was estimated by selected alternating (AC) and direct current (DC) methods in 1 M H 2 SO 4 , 1 M Na 2 SO 4 , and 6 M KOH electrolytes.

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“…28 The particular response (elsewhere called electrochemical signature 29 ) is due to a specific interplay between faradaic reaction and subsequent adsorption of reaction intermediates who in turn further influence electrostatically faradaic reactions. 30 This behavior is not observed generally, reasons are apparently still in need of erudition.…”

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confidence: 99%

Improved Electrochemical Behavior of Amorphous Carbon-Coated Copper/CNT Composites as Negative Electrode Material and Their Energy Storage Mechanism

Liu

Wiek

Dzhagan

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A composite of copper grown on the surface of CNTs has been fabricated by a redox reaction between copper acetate and ethylene glycol for use as negative electrode at high currents in electrochemical energy storage. Subsequently, the as-prepared Cu/CNT composite was coated with carbon using glucose as carbon source. Structure, morphology and electrochemical performance of the composite were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, XPS, and electrochemical measurements. The carbon coating effectively prevents the dissolution of copper carbonate complexes formed during the electrode reactions Cu 2 (OH) 2 CO 3 + 2e − → ← Cu 2 O + OH − + HCO − 3 and Cu 2 O + H 2 O + 2e − → ← 2Cu + 2OH − , increases the conductivity of the copper constituent in the negative electrode and protects this component against direct contact with the electrolyte solution during cycling. The C/Cu/CNTs composite exhibits higher capacity and better rate behavior as well as excellent cycling stability in 0. Electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems including batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors have attracted considerable attention in recent years since they can improve efficient use of electric energy, and thus reduce emission of greenhouse gases and promote the use of renewable energy.1 A main function of electrochemical capacitors (ECs, most popular called supercapacitors, regarding confusing terminology see Ref.2) is complementing batteries and fuel cells because of their high power capability, they also can provide necessary additional power for acceleration and can store energy during braking in hybrid electric vehicles.3 On a larger scale they can assist in maintaining power quality, 4-8 on a smaller scale they can provide additional power for short periods of time in mobile devices. Thus supercapacitor technology is regarded as a promising means for storing electricity.9 Because frequently materials are employed both in secondary batteries and supercapacitors (on the merger of these fields see Ref. 10,11) 21 All batteries based on pure metals as negative electrode have much higher theoretical capacities because of the smaller atomic weight of elements compared to their corresponding oxides which are frequently employed both in batteries and supercaps (for an overview see Ref.2), according to the equation C = (F · n)/(3.6 M) (C, F, n and M refer to capacity, Faraday constant, number of transferred electrons per unit and atomic/molecular mass, respectively). 22However, most of them -in particular copper -were not investigated in electrochemical capacitors except for a few reports on copperinfiltrated carbonized wood monoliths, 23 cuprous oxide microspherenanosheets, 24 copper-coating of activated carbon used as electrode material in a Li-ion capacitor, 25 copper-doped metal oxides 26 and copper as substrate 27 demonstrating electrochemical activity of copper in alkaline electrolyte solution. Furthermore, copper is a promising candidate electrode material for high power energy storage because of its...

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To Be or Not To Be Pseudocapacitive?

Cited by 2,229 publications

References 41 publications

Preparation and characterization of porous carbon from expanded graphite for high energy density supercapacitor in aqueous electrolyte

Preparation and characterization of porous carbon from expanded graphite for high energy density supercapacitor in aqueous electrolyte

The application of activated carbon modified by ozone treatment for energy storage

Improved Electrochemical Behavior of Amorphous Carbon-Coated Copper/CNT Composites as Negative Electrode Material and Their Energy Storage Mechanism

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