To Disclose or Not to Disclose: Examining the Privacy Decision-Making Processes of Older vs. Younger Adults

Anaraky, Reza Ghaiumy; Byrne, Kaileigh A.; Wiśniewski, Pamela; Page, Xinru; Knijnenburg, Bart P.

doi:10.1145/3411764.3445204

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…In a qualitative study of cultural and generational influences on privacy concerns, Miltgen and Peyrat-Guillard found that younger individuals in their sample reported lower privacy concerns but greater protective behaviours [26], leading the authors to suggest that "additional research be conducted to further explore and unpack these relationships." Ghaiumy et al (2021) examined the privacy decision-making of older vs. younger adults and found older adults to make "more rationally calculated decisions than younger adults [...] negat[ing] the mainstream narrative that older adults are less privacy-conscious than younger adults" [20]. 1 Differently from the above manuscripts, our studies are designed to focus on investigating the incidence as well as possible explanations for a reverse gap between several perspectives (preferences, attitudes, concerns, and so forth) and behaviors, across a large variety of settings, conditions, and actions.…”

Section: Work Related To a Reverse Privacy Paradoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is There a Reverse Privacy Paradox? An Exploratory Analysis of Gaps Between Privacy Perspectives and Privacy-Seeking Behaviors

Colnago

Cranor

Acquisti

2023

PoPETs

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Privacy scholars have long studied, and argued about, a so-called privacy paradox---the alleged gap between individuals' claims of caring about privacy and their actual behaviors. This manuscript explores whether a different type of mismatch occurs in an online sample of US participants: a mismatch between participants' dismissive perspectives on privacy and their privacy-protective behaviors. In a series of online studies with Prolific US participants we tackle two research questions: is there evidence of mismatches between (dismissive) privacy perspectives, and (protective) privacy behaviors? If so, what can explain those mismatches? In a Behavior Elicitation study, we collect a corpus of privacy-regulating and privacy-protective behaviors. Next, in Study 1, we find evidence that engagement in a broad array of privacy behaviors is, in fact, very common in our sample. We also find that mismatches between dismissive privacy perspectives and protective behaviors emerge in a large proportion of participants. Finally, in Study 2, we uncover several common but distinct reasons for those mismatches, including construing seemingly protective behaviors as motivated by reasons other than privacy, and nuanced stances on when to express privacy concern. Collectively, the results indicate that individuals who are seemingly dismissive of privacy concerns engage in behaviors that can be construed as privacy-seeking. The findings highlight the nuances of individual privacy decision-making and suggest that public policy related to privacy should account for the evidence for widespread privacy-seeking behaviors.

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Section: Work Related To a Reverse Privacy Paradoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is There a Reverse Privacy Paradox? An Exploratory Analysis of Gaps Between Privacy Perspectives and Privacy-Seeking Behaviors

Colnago

Cranor

Acquisti

2023

PoPETs

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“…Articles Digital Technology (Chakraborty et al, 2013) Social media (Caine et al, 2008) (Pool et al, 2022) Healthcare-oriented technologies (Anaraky et al, 2021) Web applications (Caine et al, 2012) Cameras and robots (Huang & Bashir, 2018) (Zeissig et al, 2017)…”

Section: Table 1 Types Of Digital Technologies Investigated In the Ar...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Caine et al (2008) demonstrated that older adults are motivated to share all requested personal health information through computers if it means mitigating the risk of a misdiagnosis. Similarly, Anaraky et al (2021) posit that older adults disclose more personal information when disclosure benefits increase. Results from Pool et al (2022) also suggest that the usefulness of telehealth technologies can motivate uptake among older adults, even if these technologies elicit privacy concerns.…”

Section: Design Guideline 2: Flipping the Narrativementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although trust is not always recognized as a standalone heuristic (Anaraky et al, 2021), it is consistently discussed in privacy-related contexts. Younger adults demonstrate reliance on this heuristic while making disclosure decisions related to their personal health information (Caine et al, 2008) and while using financial web applications (Anaraky et al, 2021).…”

Section: Design Guideline 4: Designing For Reflectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How Well Do Privacy-Protective Behaviours Age? The Prevalence of Privacy Heuristics Among Older Adults

Iglar

Chignell

2022

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

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Digital technology adoption and engagement is increasing amongst older adults, prompting concerns regarding their privacy-related behaviour while engaging with these technologies. The use of cognitive biases and heuristics may help explain why older adults, and some younger people as well, make decisions that compromise their privacy in digital contexts. A literature review was carried out to assess the use of cognitive biases and heuristics by older adults when deciding whether to adopt, and while using, digital technologies. Tools are needed that guide users away from mental shortcuts such as hyperbolic discounting, anchoring, and shortcut decisions based on trust and that promote privacy protection. In addition to reviewing current literature on the use of privacy-related biases and heuristics amongst older adults, we also present possible future research directions on this topic.

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“…However, studies also found indications that the topic of the post plays only a minor role. Also the age of the user plays a role: Whereas younger users tend to decide based on trust, older users decide based on the perceived benefits for disclosing their data (Ghaiumy Anaraky et al 2021). Another context factor found to be highly significant is whether users are paid for disclosing their data.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transferring recommendations through privacy user models across domains

Raber

Krüger

2021

User Model User-Adap Inter

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Although privacy settings are important not only for data privacy, but also to prevent hacking attacks like social engineering that depend on leaked private data, most users do not care about them. Research has tried to help users in setting their privacy settings by using some settings that have already been adapted by the user or individual factors like personality to predict the remaining settings. But in some cases, neither is available. However, the user might have already done privacy settings in another domain, for example, she already adapted the privacy settings on the smartphone, but not on her social network account. In this article, we investigate with the example of four domains (social network posts, location sharing, smartphone app permission settings and data of an intelligent retail store), whether and how precise privacy settings of a domain can be predicted across domains. We performed an exploratory study to examine which privacy settings of the aforementioned domains could be useful, and validated our findings in a validation study. Our results indicate that such an approach works with a prediction precision about 15%–20% better than random and a prediction without input coefficients. We identified clusters of domains that allow model transfer between their members, and discuss which kind of privacy settings (general or context-based) leads to a better prediction accuracy. Based on the results, we would like to conduct user studies to find out whether the prediction precision is perceived by users as a significant improvement over a “one-size-fits-all” solution, where every user is given the same privacy settings.

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To Disclose or Not to Disclose: Examining the Privacy Decision-Making Processes of Older vs. Younger Adults

Cited by 31 publications

References 64 publications

Is There a Reverse Privacy Paradox? An Exploratory Analysis of Gaps Between Privacy Perspectives and Privacy-Seeking Behaviors

Is There a Reverse Privacy Paradox? An Exploratory Analysis of Gaps Between Privacy Perspectives and Privacy-Seeking Behaviors

How Well Do Privacy-Protective Behaviours Age? The Prevalence of Privacy Heuristics Among Older Adults

Transferring recommendations through privacy user models across domains

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