To mitigate self-discharge of lithium–sulfur batteries by optimizing ionic liquid electrolytes

Wang, Lina; Liu, Jingyuan; Yuan, Shouyi; Wang, Yangang; Xia, Yongyao

doi:10.1039/c5ee02837j

Cited by 204 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Significantly, less decomposition species is formed for the uncoated LMA. For the uncoated LMA, five binding states at 403.7, 400.6, 399.2, 398.2, and 396.8 eV can be assigned to NO, NC, NSO 2  (as in LiTFSI), LiN 3 , and NH x groups, respectively [36][37][38] (Figure 4G). [35] Consistently, the relative amount of LiF is much higher for the uncoated LMA (50.2% vs 12.8%).…”

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confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Hybrid Silicate Coatings by a Simple Vapor Deposition Method for Lithium Metal Anodes

Liu

Xiao

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

155

111

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polymeric, hybrid organic-inorganic, and carbonaceous materials. Inorganic Li + conductors, represented by lithium superionic conductor (LISICON), tend to form point contacts with LMA due to their rigidity, resulting in large interfacial resistance. [15][16][17] Although ceramic materials with Li + conductivity exceeding 1 × 10 −3 S cm −1 have been developed, such materials (e.g., Li 10 GeP 2 S 12 and Li 1.3 Al 0.3 Ti 1.7 (PO 4 ) 3 ) are unstable in the presence of metallic lithium. [18,19] Electrochemically inert lithium phosphorous oxynitride (LiPON) [20] and Al 2 O 3 [21] have been deposited on LMA using a sputtering and an atomic layer deposition technique, respectively; however, the area of the coatings is limited (e.g., <5 cm 2 ). Polymeric materials, which offer the ease of processing, present insufficient modulus to inhibit dendritic formation. [22][23][24] Hybrid organic-inorganic layers, which combine the merits of organic and inorganic materials, have been subsequently deposited onto LMA and demonstrated successful suppression of dendrite formation at a high current density (e.g., 2 mA cm −2 ). [25] Coatings of carbon nanospheres [26] and carbon film [27] have also been transferred onto LMA to facilitate the formation of stable SEI, whereas it is still difficult to implement such coatings during battery fabrication.We hypothesize that conformal coatings of organic-inorganic hybrid silicate for LMA can be achieved by a vapor deposition process at ambient pressure and low temperature (100 °C). As illustrated in Figure 1, lithium foil is generally covered by a skin layer of Li 2 O and LiOH. When lithium foil is exposed to the vapor of 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane (MPS) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), Li 2 O can react with the mercapto groups (SH) from MPS, forming S − Li + bonds (Reaction I). Meanwhile, the moieties of methoxysilane (SiOCH 3 , from MPS) and ethoxysilane (SiOCH 2 CH 3 , from TEOS) can undergo hydrolysis and condensation reactions, forming a thin layer of lithium silicate (Li x SiO y ) (Reaction II).Such thin and compact organic-inorganic coatings possess a "hard" inorganic moiety (Li x SiO y ) to block the growth of lithium dendrites and a "soft" organic moiety (mercaptopropyl groups) to enhance the flexibility and robustness. More importantly, Li x SiO y can serve as a Li + conductor to facilitate Li + transportation through the electrode/electrolyte interphase, while the S − /Li + bonds between the coatings, and the metallic lithium improves the adhesion of the coatings to the metal substrate.The morphology of the coated LMA was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), showing significantly reduced roughness of the lithium surface after the coating Lithium metal anodes are highly promising for next-generation rechargeable batteries. However, implication of lithium metal anodes is hampered by the unstable electrochemical behavior. Herein, the fabrication of hermetic coatings of hybrid silicate on lithium metal surface using a simple vapor deposition technique under t...

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confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Hybrid Silicate Coatings by a Simple Vapor Deposition Method for Lithium Metal Anodes

Liu

Xiao

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

155

111

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“…This shuttle effect of the polyiodide is very similar to that of sulfur in Li/S chemistry. [22][23][24][25][26][27] Therefore, the polyiodide shuttle effect can also be substantially prevented through host and electrolyte optimization. Further work on improving the physical/chemical properties of the host for better iodine utilization and absorbability of polyiodide is still ongoing.…”

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confidence: 99%

Rechargeable Aluminum/Iodine Battery Redox Chemistry in Ionic Liquid Electrolyte

et al. 2017

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Rechargeable aluminum ion batteries (RABs) have attracted much attention due to their high charge density, low cost and low flammability. However, the traditional cathodes used in RABs had limited intercalation ability of Al 3+ ion, leading to a low capacity. We report for the first time a rechargeable aluminum/iodine (Al/I 2 ) battery. The unique conversion reaction mechanism of the Al/I 2 battery chemistry avoids the cathode material disintegration during repeatedly charge/discharge process, and this system successfully suppresses the shuttle of dissolved polyiodide in ionic liquid because of the hydrogen-bonding interaction, resulting in a robust rechargeable RABs system. The rechargeable Al/I 2 battery based on the I 3 − /I − redox chemistry demonstrates highly reversible in Al 3+ ion storage, providing a high capacity of > 200 mAhg -1 at 0.2 C, and high stability for even over 150 cycles at 1 C. This work provides a new insight in designing RABs system based on redox chemistry. TOC graphic 50 100 150 200 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 Capacity(mAh/g) Voltage(V) 80 120 160 200Raman shift (cm-1) , E413-E423.(33) Sherwood, P. M. A. X-ray photoelectron Spectroscopic Studies of Some Iodine Compounds.

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“…Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are expected to perform a significant role in the field of energy storage owing to its ultrahigh theoretical energy density of 2500 Wh kg −1 , environmental friendliness, and low cost [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. However, in practical applications, Li-S batteries are usually hindered by problems originating from the sulfur cathode, metallic lithium anode, and electrolyte [20][21][22][23]. For the sulfur cathode, key problems mainly comprise three aspects: the low conductivity of sulfur and its discharge products, the diffusion of polysulfide ions, and the expansion of active material during electrochemical reaction [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in practical applications, Li-S batteries are usually hindered by problems originating from the sulfur cathode, metallic lithium anode, and electrolyte [20][21][22][23]. For the sulfur cathode, key problems mainly comprise three aspects: the low conductivity of sulfur and its discharge products, the diffusion of polysulfide ions, and the expansion of active material during electrochemical reaction [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. To solve the abovementioned problems, one of the most effective methods is loading sulfur into electronically conductive frameworks with good structural stability [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macroporous Activated Carbon Derived from Rapeseed Shell for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Zheng

Zhang

et al. 2017

Applied Sciences

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Lithium-sulfur batteries have drawn considerable attention because of their extremely high energy density. Activated carbon (AC) is an ideal matrix for sulfur because of its high specific surface area, large pore volume, small-size nanopores, and simple preparation. In this work, through KOH activation, AC materials with different porous structure parameters were prepared using waste rapeseed shells as precursors. Effects of KOH amount, activated temperature, and activated time on pore structure parameters of ACs were studied. AC sample with optimal pore structure parameters was investigated as sulfur host materials. Applied in lithium-sulfur batteries, the AC/S composite (60 wt % sulfur) exhibited a high specific capacity of 1065 mAh g −1 at 200 mA g −1 and a good capacity retention of 49% after 1000 cycles at 1600 mA g −1 . The key factor for good cycling stability involves the restraining effect of small-sized nanopores of the AC framework on the diffusion of polysulfides to bulk electrolyte and the loss of the active material sulfur. Results demonstrated that AC materials derived from rapeseed shells are promising materials for sulfur loading.

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To mitigate self-discharge of lithium–sulfur batteries by optimizing ionic liquid electrolytes

Abstract: Here we demonstrate pronounced suppression of self-discharge using an ionic liquid of N-methyl-N-propylpiperidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide-based electrolytes for Li–S batteries.

Cited by 204 publications

References 55 publications

Fabrication of Hybrid Silicate Coatings by a Simple Vapor Deposition Method for Lithium Metal Anodes

Fabrication of Hybrid Silicate Coatings by a Simple Vapor Deposition Method for Lithium Metal Anodes

Rechargeable Aluminum/Iodine Battery Redox Chemistry in Ionic Liquid Electrolyte

Macroporous Activated Carbon Derived from Rapeseed Shell for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

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