To Study the Serum Lipid Profile in Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke Among the Patients in Tertiary Health Centre

Abstract

Objectives: To assess, correlate and compare the levels of various parameters of lipid profile in patients with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Methods: The study was conducted as an observational study at the Department of Medicine, People’s Hospital on 100 patients presenting with focal neurological deficit, altered sensorium, or with CT/MRI findings suggestive of stroke during the study duration of 18 months. Based upon the type of stroke, patients were categorized into two groups, i.e. ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. NCEP-ATP III guidelines were used for estimation of dyslipidemia and association of dyslipidemia was observed with type of stroke. Results: Of 100 cases, ischemic stroke was documented in 74% cases, whereas 26% of patients presented with hemorrhagic stroke. Two groups were comparable in terms of baseline characteristics (p>0.05). Mean total cholesterol levels and total cholesterol and total cholesterol to HDL ratio was significantly higher in ischemic stroke as compared to hemorrhagic stroke (p<0.05). However, mean serum HDL level was significantly lower in patients with ischemic stroke as compared to hemorrhagic stroke (p<0.05). Total cholesterol, and total cholesterol: HDL ratio showed statistically significantly negative correlation with type of stroke and positive correlation was noted between HDL and hemorrhagic stroke. Conclusion: The prevalence of stroke is rising rapidly and the age of presentation of stroke is reducing. Ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke whereas hemorrhagic stroke is less commonly observed in less than one-third of patients. Dyslipidemia is a significant risk factor for ischemic stroke. Raised Total cholesterol, and total cholesterol: HDL levels and lower HDL levels are independent predictors of ischemic stroke.