To the biography of N.A. Semashko

Arsentyev, Evgeny V.; Решетников, В. А.

doi:10.17720/2409-5834.v4.4.2017.09i

Cited by 2 publications

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“…В частности, в Советском Союзе появляется социалистическая [Борисов 2010: 16] модель Семашко. Ее отличительными чертами стали высокий уровень централизации (огромное влияние государства) [Мельник 2016: 97], доступность [Arsentyev, Reshetnikov 2017] и обязательная бесплатность медицинской помощи для населения [Trefilova 2014].…”

Section: методы и материалыunclassified

“…URL: https://www.gks.ru/folder/13721 (дата обращения: 24.02.2022). и персонализированную медицину (основанную на раннем выявлении наследственных заболеваний) [Артеменко, Соколов 2017: 2501Сквирская, Волнухин 2020: 350;Arsentyev, Reshetnikov 2018]. С позиции государства, профилактическое направление должно сегодня составлять примерно 60 % объема работы поликлиник 40 .…”

Section: оптимизация ресурсной базы первичного звенаunclassified

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Modernization of Primary Healthcare: Efficiency of Social Policy in the Post-Soviet State

Korotkova

2023

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The national security depends on the health of the population, which, in its turn, depends on the healthcare system. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia focused on the primary healthcare. The goals, tools, and results of the reforms that have taken place in the last three decades are usually considered from the point of view of law, economic feasibility, or organizational effectiveness. The author applied the historical and political approach to these reforms, thus evaluating their ability to preserve and increase human health. Fertility, morbidity, and mortality usually serve as national health criteria. The research relied on regulatory legal acts, speeches of senior government officials, official statistics, and sociological surveys. Demographic problems and budget deficits proved to be the main reasons behind the post-Soviet reforms, which transferred some material obligations from the federal to the local level and expended the scope of commercial medicine. Part of the financial burden moved from expensive specialized hospitals (secondary healthcare) to cheaper polyclinic and preventive medicine (primary healthcare). Federal budget expenditures decreased as patient capacity and the number of medical organizations went down and the productivity of primary healthcare went up. However, the national mortality and morbidity kept growing. The current diagnostic preventive healthcare model concentrates on primary healthcare: it reduces financial expenditures but fails to solve the demographic problems.

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Section: методы и материалыunclassified

Section: оптимизация ресурсной базы первичного звенаunclassified

Modernization of Primary Healthcare: Efficiency of Social Policy in the Post-Soviet State

Korotkova

2023

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Formation and development of public health teaching in the system of higher medical education (From social hygiene to public health and health care)

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The article deals with the historical ways of formation and development of the educational and scientific discipline Public Health and Healthcare, underlines the role of N.A. Semashko in the formation and development of the educational and scientific discipline, in the foundation and holding the first Department of Social Hygiene in Russia. The features of teaching the discipline at the stage of formation, the content of the first Russian manual on Social Hygiene are highlighted in this article. The stages of the formation and development of the discipline in Russia since the 20s of the last century until the present, the peculiarities of teaching the discipline at each of the stages, the reasons for changing the name of the discipline are considered. The special role of the Department of Public Health and Health Care Organization, among other departments dealing with the study of health, is highlighted. The article substantiates the leading, methodological role of the Department in teaching the issues of preserving, strengthening and restoring public health, presents the modern requirements for the departments of Public Health and Health Care Organization, as well as for teachers, shows special aspects of teaching the discipline, the content of the national education program and differences from foreign programs. The ways of development of the academic discipline and the Departments teaching it are also presented.

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To the biography of N.A. Semashko

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Modernization of Primary Healthcare: Efficiency of Social Policy in the Post-Soviet State

Modernization of Primary Healthcare: Efficiency of Social Policy in the Post-Soviet State

Formation and development of public health teaching in the system of higher medical education (From social hygiene to public health and health care)

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