Tobacco Control Stakeholder Perspectives on the Future of Tobacco Marketing Regulation in Indonesia: A Modified Delphi Study

Abstract

Objectives: Tobacco control in Indonesia is very lenient compared to international standards. This study explored the perspectives of tobacco control stakeholders (TCSs) on the likelihood of advancing tobacco marketing regulation in Indonesia.Methods: Data were collected from TCSs who were members of the Indonesia Tobacco Control Network group in a modified Delphi study. We collected the data in 2 waves using a questionnaire that comprised a set of closed and open-ended questions. For this paper, we analysed 2 of the 3 sections of the questionnaire: (1) tobacco advertising, promotions, and sponsorship (TAPS) bans, and (2) marketing and retailing regulations. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the scores using Stata/IC.13 and summarised the comments for each item.Results: The TCSs viewed the measures/strategies across all aspects of TAPS and tobacco marketing regulation as highly desirable, but provided varied responses on their feasibility. They rated political feasibility lower than technical feasibility for most measures. Advancing TAPS measures and prohibition of selling to minors were considered more attainable by sub-national governments, while prohibition of tobacco corporate social responsibility was considered as the least feasible measure in the next 5 years.Conclusions: Despite little optimism for substantial national-level change, there is a positive expectation that sub-national governments will strengthen their tobacco control regulation. It is paramount that the government reduce tobacco industry leverage by implementing Article 5.3 of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Extending advocacy networks beyond tobacco control groups and framing tobacco control more effectively are necessary steps.

Tobacco policy (in)coherence in Mozambique: an examination of national and subnational stakeholder perspectives

“…The view that tobacco is an important economic commodity, coupled with the support of institutions for tobacco production that may be within or associated with government such as tobacco regulatory boards or research and development agencies, creates opposition to measures taken within government that intend to reduce demand for tobacco. Notably, the disassociation of tobacco production from tobacco control may indicate a need for improved coordination between national and subnational levels in tobacco control ( Astuti et al ., 2021 ). In addition to improving coordination between national and subnational government sectors, continuous effort to inform subnational governments of Mozambique’s commitment to FCTC implementation, including Article 17, may improve coherence in tobacco control.…”

“…Despite the centralized political structure, subnational governments play an important role in attending to local needs. The WHO case study reports on cities in the Philippines and Indonesia suggest that, depending on the governance structure, subnational governments are often able to implement more efficient measures for tobacco control ( Astuti et al ., 2020 , 2021 ). This line of inquiry may be particularly important when subnational governments turn to tobacco as an economic commodity to support the local economy.…”

Achieving a tobacco-free Bangladesh by 2040: a qualitative analysis of the tobacco advertising environment and prohibitions in Bangladesh

“…For example, surveys [83][84][85] showcase that the Bangladeshi public is supportive towards further TAPS measures, such as the introduction of plain tobacco packaging, 83 a retailers' licensing scheme which would reduce TAPS marketing at PoS, 84 and a ban on tobacco advertisements and tobacco industry events on campuses. 85 An investigation of tobacco control stakeholder perspectives on strengthening the existing TAPS legislations and advocacy 86 in Bangladesh could be explored. The gained knowledge from this investigation would inform policy and advocacy direction, and help prioritise needs to achieve a tobaccofree Bangladesh by 2040.…”

Employee Performance Affected by Human Intelligence and Mediated by Competency

“…It is located in Cirebon Regency, which was established in 2006 as a company in the field of hand-held cigarette production (MPS) services. The increasing demand for cigarettes can cause employee performance to fluctuate, so that additional employees are needed to minimize the risk of declining performance from employees, which will have an impact on obstructed cigarette production and not meeting targets as determined (Astuti, 2021;Sedyati, 2019).…”