TOBACCO DEPENDENCE TREATMENTS: Review and Prospectus

Shiffman, Saul; Mason, Katrina; Henningfield, Jack E.

doi:10.1146/annurev.publhealth.19.1.335

Cited by 66 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 74 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Relapse following unaided quit attempts approaches 97% (Shiffman et al, 1998). There is now strong evidence that nicotine, the most prevalent pharmacological agent in tobacco smoke, mediates the primary reinforcement that leads to dependence and addiction (Harvey et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetaldehyde Enhances Acquisition of Nicotine Self-Administration in Adolescent Rats

Belluzzi

Wang

Leslie

2004

Neuropsychopharmacol

220

213

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tobacco use has one of the highest rates of addiction and relapse of any abused drug. Paradoxically, however, in animal models of reinforcement nicotine appears weak compared to other abused drugs. We report here that acetaldehyde, a major component of tobacco smoke, enhances nicotine self-administration. Juvenile and adult male rats were implanted with intravenous catheters and tested for self-administration 4 days later at postnatal day 27 or 90, respectively. Animals were tested, without prior response training, in five daily 3-h sessions where each nose-poke delivered an intravenous injection followed by a 60-s timeout. Animals (11-13/group) were offered one of the following solutions: nicotine (30 mg/kg/injection), acetaldehyde (16 mg/kg/inj), nicotine (30 mg/kg/inj) þ acetaldehyde (16 mg/kg/inj), or saline. The youngest animals responded significantly more for nic þ acet than for saline or for either drug alone. Responding at the reinforced hole was significantly higher than at the nonreinforced hole or at the reinforced hole during noncontingent injections of nic þ acet. Tests with receptor antagonists indicated that these drug effects are mediated by central, but not peripheral, nicotinic receptors. There was an age-related decline in self-administration of nic þ acet, but not for cocaine. Taken together, these results indicate that acetaldehyde, at the low concentrations found in tobacco smoke, interacts with nicotine to increase responding in a stringent self-administration acquisition test where nicotine alone is only weakly reinforcing, and that adolescent animals are more sensitive to these actions than adults. Animal models of tobacco addiction could be improved by combining acetaldehyde, and possibly other smoke components, with nicotine to more accurately reflect the pharmacological profile of tobacco smoke.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetaldehyde Enhances Acquisition of Nicotine Self-Administration in Adolescent Rats

Belluzzi

Wang

Leslie

2004

Neuropsychopharmacol

220

213

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, although there exists behavioral and pharmacological treatments designed to promote smoking cessation, the great majority of abstinent smokers relapse after a quit attempt (Balfour and Fagerstrom 1996;Shiffman et al 1998;Fiore et al 2000), and almost all smokers who relapsed after initial cessation pharmacotherapy return to smoking after subsequent quit attempts (Tonnesen et al 1993;Gourlay et al 1995;Gonzales et al 2001). Therefore, the high rates of resumption of smoking after abstinence present a formidable challenge for the treatment of nicotine addiction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cue-induced reinstatement of nicotine-seeking behavior in rats: effect of bupropion, persistence over repeated tests, and its dependence on training dose

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rationale-The motivational effects of nicotine-associated cues have been demonstrated in animal studies. However, it is unknown whether the effectiveness of nicotine cues in reinstating nicotineseeking varies with the extent of prior nicotine self-administration. In addition, the issue of whether bupropion (an FDA-approved smoking cessation medication) interferes with the conditioned incentive of nicotine cues remains to be addressed.Objective-This study determined the relationship of cue-reinstated nicotine-seeking and the levels of prior self-administration and examined the effect of bupropion on cue-induced reinstatement of nicotine-seeking in comparison with that on self-administration. Materials and methods-MaleSprague-Dawley rats were trained in daily 1-h sessions to intravenously self-administer nicotine at different doses (0, 0.015, 0.03, 0.06 mg/kg/infusion) and to associate an auditory/visual cue with each nicotine delivery. After extinction, three reinstatement tests at 15 day intervals were conducted with re-presentation of the cue without nicotine delivery. In separate groups of rats trained with 0.03 mg/kg/infusion nicotine, bupropion (0, 10, 20, 40 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered to different groups before the reinstatement and in a withinsubject design before the self-administration tests.Results-Cue-induced reinstatement of active lever responses was observed at all nicotine doses in the first reinstatement test, but at only the two highest doses during the second and third tests. The magnitude of reinstatement was positively correlated with level of prior responding for nicotine. Bupropion pretreatment decreased nicotine self-administration but enhanced cue-reinstated nicotineseeking.Conclusions-These results demonstrate the positive correlation of cue-reinstated nicotineseeking with prior responding for nicotine self-administration and the persistence of the cue effect after taking higher doses of nicotine. The results of pharmacological tests suggest that although it is able to help achieve smoking cessation, bupropion may have little clinical benefit for the prevention of relapse associated with exposure to environmental smoking cues.

show abstract

“…Tobacco smoking is a chronic relapsing disorder, characterized by a recurrent resumption of smoking after abstinence; only approximately 3% of smokers trying to quit successfully remain abstinent each year (Shiffman et al, 1998). Nicotine is the principal psychoactive component of cigarette smoke and non-nicotine stimuli that become associated with nicotine delivery are thought to play an important role in the maintenance of smoking and in its relapse after attempted quitting (Caggiula et al, 2001;Childress et al, 1993;Niaura et al, 1989;O'Brien et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mecamylamine Attenuates Cue-Induced Reinstatement of Nicotine-Seeking Behavior in Rats

Liu

Caggiula

Yee

et al. 2006

Neuropsychopharmacol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mecamylamine, a noncompetitive nicotinic cholinergic antagonist, inhibits nicotine self-administration in animals and may attenuate tobacco smoking in humans trying to quit. Our preliminary data suggested that this agent, at a dose of 2 mg/kg (subcutaneous (s.c.)), also attenuates cue-induced relapse to nicotine-seeking behavior in rats. This study determined whether mecamylamine-induced attenuation can be obtained at doses lower than the high 2 mg/kg dose used in the first study, and whether it is specific to nicotine-associated cues. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to intravenously self-administer nicotine (0.03 mg/kg/infusion) on a fixed-ratio 5 schedule. Each infusion was accompanied by a visual cue (1 s onset of a lever light followed by offset of a house light for 20 s during which time no infusions could be obtained). After the nicotine-maintained responding was extinguished by withholding the delivery of nicotine (saline substitution) and its associated cue, reinstatement tests were conducted. Response-contingent re-presentation of the cue without further availability of nicotine significantly reinstated extinguished responding at the previously nicotine-reinforced lever. Pretreatment with mecamylamine (0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg, s.c.) dose-dependently attenuated the cue-induced reinstatement of lever responding. Mecamylamine did not change food-taking and -seeking responses, whereas the highest dose (2 mg/kg) decreased nicotine selfadministration behavior. The results confirm previous findings that stimuli conditioned to nicotine self-administration effectively elicit reinstatement of nicotine-seeking behavior after extinction and demonstrate that mecamylamine, besides suppressing self-administration of nicotine, effectively attenuates cue-induced nicotine-seeking behavior. These findings suggest that the response-reinstatement procedures used in this study may be useful for studying neurobiological mechanisms of nicotine-seeking behavior and that mecamylamine-like drugs may be potential candidates for pharmacological treatment and prevention of relapse to tobacco smoking in abstinent smokers.

show abstract

TOBACCO DEPENDENCE TREATMENTS: Review and Prospectus

Cited by 66 publications

References 74 publications

Acetaldehyde Enhances Acquisition of Nicotine Self-Administration in Adolescent Rats

Acetaldehyde Enhances Acquisition of Nicotine Self-Administration in Adolescent Rats

Cue-induced reinstatement of nicotine-seeking behavior in rats: effect of bupropion, persistence over repeated tests, and its dependence on training dose

Mecamylamine Attenuates Cue-Induced Reinstatement of Nicotine-Seeking Behavior in Rats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About