Tobacco-free schools as a core component of youth tobacco prevention programs: a secondary analysis of data from 43 countries

Agaku, Israel; Obadan, Enihomo; Odukoya, Oluwakemi Ololade; Olufajo, Olubode A.

doi:10.1093/eurpub/cku203

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, not all teachers are totally prepared, as the fight against smoking and educational programs have not represented a public health priority so far [30], as reflected by our study [43][44][45][46].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine Addiction : Objective in Educational Programs for Smoking Prevention in Young People

Budin¹,

Alexescu²,

Bordea³

et al. 2019

Rev. Chim.

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In those countries where education and smoking prevention campaigns are carried out at school level, there has been a decline in the prevalence of smoking among pupils. Nicotine addiction represents a sum of pharmacological, electrophysiological and molecular genetic mechanisms and behavior patterns. The study was conducted from December 2016, to July 2017 and it consisted in an online survey posted on a website. The participants accessed the survey through an e mail link. The study population consisted of 1144 teachers (from primary school, gymnasium and college). The declared percentage of daily smokers was 14%, below the European average, while 20.5% were declared ex-smokers, 11.2% were occasional smokers and 54.4% never smoked. The theme of smoking was approached by 79.2% of teachers during conducting classes and 81.6% of them advised smokers to stop smoking. Teachers can influence the pupils� behavior by personal example and by teaching, inside and outside the school, thus preventing nicotine addiction. Decreasing the prevalence of smoking among teachers will inevitably lead in the future to a decrease of adolescent smokers� incidence. Our study was a pilot project that can draw important directions in educational and preventive campaigns in schools.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine Addiction : Objective in Educational Programs for Smoking Prevention in Young People

Budin¹,

Alexescu²,

Bordea³

et al. 2019

Rev. Chim.

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“…These largely positive findings contrast with an analysis of 43 countries (including non-LLMICs) that found no independent association between smoking behaviour and exposure to school-based group counselling. 68 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of research on interventions aligned to WHO ‘Best Buys’ for NCDs in low-income and lower-middle-income countries: a systematic review from 1990 to 2015

et al. 2018

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BackgroundNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, with low-income and middle-income countries experiencing a disproportionately high burden. Since 2010 WHO has promoted 24 highly cost-effective interventions for NCDs, dubbed ‘best buys’. It is unclear whether these interventions have been evaluated in low-income and lower-middle-income countries (LLMICs).AimTo systematically review research on interventions aligned to WHO ‘best buys’ for NCDs in LLMICs.MethodsWe searched 13 major databases and included papers conducted in the 83 World Bank-defined LLMICs, published between 1 January 1990 and 5 February 2015. Two reviewers independently screened papers and assessed risk of bias. We adopted a narrative approach to data synthesis. The primary outcomes were NCD-related mortality and morbidity, and risk factor prevalence.ResultsWe identified 2672 records, of which 36 were included (608 940 participants). No studies on ‘best buys’ were found in 89% of LLMICs. Nineteen of the 36 studies reported on the effectiveness of tobacco-related ‘best buys’, presenting good evidence for group interventions in reducing tobacco use but weaker evidence for interventions targeting individuals. There were fewer studies on smoking bans, warning labels and mass media campaigns, and no studies on taxes or marketing restrictions. There was supportive evidence that cervical screening and hepatitis B immunisation prevent cancer in LLMICs. A single randomised controlled trial supported polypharmacy for cardiovascular disease. Fourteen of the ‘best buy’ interventions did not have any good evidence for effectiveness in LLMICs.ConclusionsWe found studies on only 11 of the 24 interventions aligned with the WHO ‘best buys’ from LLMIC settings. Most LLMICs have not conducted research on these interventions in their populations. LLMICs should take action to implement and evaluate ‘best buys’ in their national context, based on national priorities, and starting with interventions with the strongest evidence base.

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“…This finding indicates that a multidisciplinary approach involving the media, community and legislative authorities is needed in addition to health-promoting initiatives at the school level. Moreover, a study encompassing GYTS data from 43 countries conveyed that an increased awareness about the harm of tobacco among students was associated with the presence of tobacco prevention courses in their respective schools 27 . In addition, a review by Backinger et al 28 revealed that school curricula alone are ineffective in preventing youth smoking, unless coupled with other methods such as smoke-free policies 28 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco use among adolescents in Qatar: Findings from Global Youth Tobacco Surveys 2004–2013

Al-Dahshan

Zoghbi

Naja

et al. 2019

Tob. Prev. Cessation

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INTRODUCTION Tobacco use has become a global health concern. Almost a third of the adolescents of the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) have reported tobacco use and the percentage is expected to rise in the future, making tobacco consumption a main public health issue among students, 13-15 years old, in the region's countries. We aimed to conduct an analysis of the previous Global Youth Tobacco Surveys (GYTS) in Qatar to detect any significant changes that might inform decision makers on planning policies and interventions accordingly. METHODS This study presents a retrospective data analysis, based on three GYTS conducted in Qatar during 2004, 2007, and 2013. All analyses were weighted to account for the complex survey design and for differential non-response at school, class and student levels, with the exception of the analysis of sociodemographic characteristics. The differences between the proportions were tested by Pearson's chi-squared test. Data were analyzed using the statistical software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences), version 21.0 (Chicago, IL). A p-value <0.05 was considered to be significant. RESULTS There was an overall increase in the prevalence of smoking, the accessibility, and the availability of cigarettes. Additionally, the percentage of participants who desired to stop smoking decreased between 2004 and 2013, while that of students who reported 'exposure to free tobacco promotion' was highest in 2013. CONCLUSIONS Despite the effort made by the local authorities in Qatar to reverse the spread or limit the growing tobacco epidemic, there is a need for multidisciplinary interventions through tobacco prevention and control programs targeting youths.

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Tobacco-free schools as a core component of youth tobacco prevention programs: a secondary analysis of data from 43 countries

Abstract: Comprehensive tobacco prevention programs that include well-enforced smoke-free school policies may help reduce youth smoking.

Cited by 21 publications

References 8 publications

Nicotine Addiction : Objective in Educational Programs for Smoking Prevention in Young People

Nicotine Addiction : Objective in Educational Programs for Smoking Prevention in Young People

Evaluation of research on interventions aligned to WHO ‘Best Buys’ for NCDs in low-income and lower-middle-income countries: a systematic review from 1990 to 2015

Tobacco use among adolescents in Qatar: Findings from Global Youth Tobacco Surveys 2004–2013

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