Tobacco Use by Sexual Identity Among Young Adults in the United States

Rath, Jessica M.; Villanti, Andrea C.; Rubenstein, Rebecca; Vallone, Donna

doi:10.1093/ntr/ntt062

Cited by 73 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Prior studies have estimated the prevalence of cigarette smoking among men who have sex with men (MSM) to be between 27% and 40%, 8,9 well above the current estimate of 20.9% found within the general U.S. population. 10 These same investigations have identified factors at both the individual and community level that are associated with smoking among MSM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Demographic, Mental Health, Behavioral, and Psychosocial Factors Associated with Cigarette Smoking Status Among Young Men Who Have Sex with Men: The P18 Cohort Study

2016

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Purpose: Young sexual minority men smoke at higher rates relative to heterosexual peers. The purpose of this study was to examine correlates of smoking in a sample of young gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) who might differ from more general and age-diverse samples of sexual minority individuals and, thus, inform tailored approaches to addressing tobacco use within this population. Methods: Data on smoking status were examined in relation to demographics, mental health, substance use behavior, and psychosocial factors. Using multinomial logistic regression, factors were identified that differentiate current and former smokers from never smokers. Results: In bivariate analysis, smoking status was related to demographic, mental health, substance use, and psychosocial factors. Most significantly, smoking status was associated with school enrollment status, current alcohol and marijuana use, and symptoms of depression. Multivariate modeling revealed that, compared to being a never smoker, the odds of current or former smoking were highest among those currently using either alcohol or marijuana. The odds of both current and former smoking were also higher among those reporting greater levels of gay community affinity. Finally, the odds of being a former smoker were higher for those reporting internalized antihomosexual prejudice. Conclusion: This study identifies several factors related to smoking status in a diverse sample of young sexual minority males. These findings should encourage investigations of smoking disparities among younger MSM to look beyond common smoking risk factors in an attempt to understand etiologies that may be unique to this group. Such findings may indicate multiple points of potential intervention aimed at decreasing cigarette smoking within this vulnerable population.Keywords: adolescence, health disparities, men who have sex with men (MSM), tobacco use.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Demographic, Mental Health, Behavioral, and Psychosocial Factors Associated with Cigarette Smoking Status Among Young Men Who Have Sex with Men: The P18 Cohort Study

2016

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“…3 In addition, lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals smoke at higher rates than the general population, 4 and this disparity extends to lesbian, gay, and bisexual young adults. 5 In a recent study by Rath and colleagues, 5 35% of lesbian and gay young adults and 27% of bisexual young adults had smoked in the past 30 days, compared to 18% of heterosexual young adults. 5 There is a need to develop interventions to prevent and reduce smoking among LGBT young adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 In a recent study by Rath and colleagues, 5 35% of lesbian and gay young adults and 27% of bisexual young adults had smoked in the past 30 days, compared to 18% of heterosexual young adults. 5 There is a need to develop interventions to prevent and reduce smoking among LGBT young adults. 6 Currently, there are few interventions geared toward the LGBT community, and those that exist primarily focus on individual smoking cessation programs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Branding to Decrease Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Young Adult Smoking

Fallin

Neilands

Jordan³

et al. 2015

NICTOB

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Introduction: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals are more likely to smoke than the general population. This study evaluated a Social Branding intervention, CRUSH, which included an aspirational brand, social events, and targeted media to discourage smoking among LGBT young adults in Las Vegas, NV. Methods: Cross-sectional surveys (N = 2,395) were collected in Las Vegas LGBT bars at 2 time points 1 year apart. Multivariate logistic regressions examined associations between campaign exposure, message understanding, and current (past 30 days) smoking, controlling for demographics. Results:LGBT individuals were significantly more likely to report current (past 30 day) smoking than heterosexual/straight, gender-conforming participants. Overall, 53% of respondents reported exposure to CRUSH; of those exposed, 60% liked the campaign, 60.3% reported they would attend a CRUSH event on a night when they usually went somewhere else, and 86.3% correctly identified that the campaign was about "partying fresh and smokefree. " Current smoking was reported by 47% of respondents at Time 1 and 39.6% at Time 2. There were significant interactions between time and campaign exposure and campaign exposure and understanding the message. Among those who understood the CRUSH smokefree message, the highest level of campaign exposure was significantly associated with 37%-48% lower odds for current smoking. Conclusions: While longitudinal studies would better assess the impact of this intervention, CRUSH shows promise to reduce tobacco use among LGBT bar patrons.

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“…33 Trend data on the prevalence of smoking among sexual and gender minorities is limited due to a failure to measure these identity categories appropriately or at all in surveys as well as participants' refusal to disclose this information. 34,35 A systematic review of 42 studies on tobacco use among these groups in the US found a significantly higher risk of smoking among sexual and gender minorities compared to the general population (OR = 1.5 to 2.5). 26 In addition to the same risk factors for smoking that confront other groups, sexual and gender minorities also face additional factors that exacerbate their risk, including social environments that are accepting of smoking, 27,36,37 aggressive targeting by the tobacco industry, [38][39][40][41][42] and perhaps most notably stigma-related processes including minority stress, psychological distress, and social isolation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Tobacco Denormalization as a Public Health Strategy: Implications for Sexual and Gender Minorities

2015

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Although the population-level success of tobacco denormalization is widely accepted, it remains unclear whether these strategies alleviate health inequities for sexual and gender minorities. The high risk of smoking among sexual and gender minorities together with research that documents a relationship between stigma-related processes and smoking prevalence for these groups raises questions about whether tobacco-related stigma intensifies the disadvantages associated with the stigmas of other social identities. We have not adequately considered how tobacco-related stigma overlaps with other social identity stigmas. Given concerns about the intensification of inequality, this type of inquiry has important implications for understanding both the effectiveness and limitations of tobacco denormalization strategies for sexual and gender minorities and identifying those tobacco prevention, treatment, and public health policies that work to ameliorate health inequities.

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Tobacco Use by Sexual Identity Among Young Adults in the United States

Cited by 73 publications

References 39 publications

Demographic, Mental Health, Behavioral, and Psychosocial Factors Associated with Cigarette Smoking Status Among Young Men Who Have Sex with Men: The P18 Cohort Study

Demographic, Mental Health, Behavioral, and Psychosocial Factors Associated with Cigarette Smoking Status Among Young Men Who Have Sex with Men: The P18 Cohort Study

Social Branding to Decrease Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Young Adult Smoking

Tobacco Denormalization as a Public Health Strategy: Implications for Sexual and Gender Minorities

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