Tocotrienol: a review of its therapeutic potential

Theriault, André; Chao, Jun-Tzu; Wang, Qi; Gapor, Abdul; Adeli, Khosrow

doi:10.1016/s0009-9120(99)00027-2

Cited by 297 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…However, there is no significant difference between them. Tocotrienols have been shown to possess cardioprotective effects besides their lipid-lowering action via modulating the proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) (Theriault et al 1999;Li et al 2010). Both wheat bran oil and wheat germ oil possess carotenoids, but total carotenoids were 5.51 fold higher in wheat germ oil (12.23 mg/100 g) when compared to wheat bran oil (2.21 mg/100 g) by HPLC (Table 2, Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the nutraceuticals composition of wheat derived oils wheat bran oil and wheat germ oil

Kumar

Krishna

2013

J Food Sci Technol

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Fat-soluble nutraceuticals of cereals are known for number of disease preventive activities. Hence wheat bran oil (WBO) and wheat germ oil (WGO) were extracted from wheat bran and germ which yielded 3.35 % and 7.35 % of oil, containing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (64 %, 61.2 %) respectively. Both oils contained tocopherols and carotenoids, which were higher in wheat germ oil (273 mg/ 100 g, 12.23 mg/100 g) than wheat bran oil (190 mg/100 g, 2.21 mg/100 g). Steryl ferulates were also present in both the oils, but their content was eight-fold higher in WBO than in WGO. Three major steryl ferulates identified by HPLC were campesteryl ferulate and sitostenyl ferulate, campestanyl ferulate and β-sitosteryl ferulate as in γ-oryzanol and another ferulate, viz., sitostanyl ferulate. A strong IC 50 value of 7.5 mg/mL and 21.6 mg/mL DPPH free radicals scavenging for wheat germ oil for wheat bran oil was observed. NMR ( 13 C and 1 H) profile explored the evidence of distribution of antioxidant molecules in the unsaponifiable matter of wheat derived oil. Since oils rich in PUFA and minor components are required for the normal physiological activities, blending such oils with other edible oils of the diet in wheat growing countries like India may be useful to provide health benefits.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the nutraceuticals composition of wheat derived oils wheat bran oil and wheat germ oil

Kumar

Krishna

2013

J Food Sci Technol

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“…The underlying mechanism may involve reduced intestinal uptake of cholesterol (Kamal-Eldin et al, 2000). It has been established that tocotrienol, a vitamin E isoform, also has hypocholesterolaemic properties through a mechanism different from HMG-CoA reductase inhibition (Theriault et al, 1999).…”

Section: Cholesterol and Statinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidants and polyunsaturated fatty acids in multiple sclerosis

Meeteren¹,

Teunissen

Dijkstra

et al. 2005

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…5 Moreover, tocotrienols may suppress the activation of Ras based on the inhibition of Ras farnesylation. 25 In this context, we estimated if T3E could have a cytotoxic effect on A549 cells due to the inactivation of Ras by inhibiting its farnesylation. We estimated the activated status of Ras from the difference of mobility in SDS-PAGE between farnesylated (long mobility) and unfarnesylated (short mobility) forms of the protein.…”

Section: Effect Of T3e On Ras-dependent Signaling In A549 Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of cytotoxicity in human lung adenocarcinoma cells by 6‐O‐carboxypropyl‐α‐tocotrienol, a redox‐silent derivative of α‐tocotrienol

Yano

Satoh

Fukumoto

et al. 2005

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Tocotrienols are one of the most potent anticancer agents of all natural compounds and the anticancer property may be related to the inactivation of Ras family molecules. The anticancer potential of tocotrienols, however, is weakened due to its short elimination half life in vivo. To overcome the disadvantage and reinforce the anticancer activity in tocotrienols, we synthesized a redox-silent analogue of ␣-tocotrienol (T3), 6-O-carboxypropyl-␣-tocotrienol (T3E). We estimated the possibility of T3E as a new anticancer agent against lung adenocarcinoma showing poor prognosis based on the mutation of ras gene. T3E showed cytotoxicity against A549 cells, a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line with a ras gene mutation, in a dose-dependent manner (0 -40 M), whereas T3 and a redox-silent analogue of ␣-tocopherol (T) Key words: ␣-tocotrienol; redox-silent derivative; lung adenocarcinoma; Ras; cytotoxicity; Bcl-xL; cyclin D Lung cancer, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is one of the most common forms of cancer and is the leading cause of cancer death in the West. 1 NSCLC exhibiting adenocarcinoma histology forms the majority of lung cancers and its ras genes carry mutations. 2 Furthermore, the presence of mutated ras genes in lung adenocarcinoma is linked with shortened patient survival. 3 These reports indicate that signaling pathways activated by mutated Ras protein contribute to the appearance of malignant phenotypes in lung adenocarcinoma. Thus, the inhibition of the mutated Ras function may be a promising procedure to regulate the development of lung cancer.,Mutated Ras proteins remain locked in an active state, and for the activated proteins to transduce the signals into downstream molecules, the proteins must be associated with the inner surface of the plasma membrane. 4 The critical process for the attachment of Ras to the inner surface of the plasma membrane is farnesylation of the C-terminal in Ras protein. 5 Because the inhibition of farnesylation can prevent Ras from maturing into its biologically active form, the inhibition is considered a potential therapeutic procedure for current cancer therapy. 6,7 In general, tumors undergo deregulated cholesterogenesis mainly via the upregulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, a key enzyme of cholesterol synthesis. 8 HMG-CoA reductase plays a key role in controlling cell proliferation by generating prenyl intermediates, particularly farnesyl and geranyl-geranyl moieties, 8 so the upregulation of the enzyme in tumors finally stimulates the cell proliferation via the increase of prenylation in Ras molecules. Thus, agents such as lovastin, which had been exploited previously for lowering cholesterol based on the inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase, may be useful chemotherapeutic agents for treating tumors harboring oncogenic ras mutation. 8 Natural constituents such as sundry mevalonate-derived constituents (isoprenoids) of fruits, vegetables and cereal grains suppress the development of tumors, 9 and the suppressive effect mainly...

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Tocotrienol: a review of its therapeutic potential

Cited by 297 publications

References 86 publications

Studies on the nutraceuticals composition of wheat derived oils wheat bran oil and wheat germ oil

Studies on the nutraceuticals composition of wheat derived oils wheat bran oil and wheat germ oil

Antioxidants and polyunsaturated fatty acids in multiple sclerosis

Induction of cytotoxicity in human lung adenocarcinoma cells by 6‐O‐carboxypropyl‐α‐tocotrienol, a redox‐silent derivative of α‐tocotrienol

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