Todesfälle durch Influenzapandemien in Deutschland 1918 bis 2009

Public Infrastructure and Regional Resilience: Evidence from the 1918 Spanish Flu in Germany

“…The main wave hit Germany in October 1918, killing thousands of mainly young people between the ages of 20 and 40, while it tended to spare children and the elderly. Estimates for Germany range from around 240,000 deaths (Bogusat, 1923) to 440,000 deaths (Buchholz et al, 2016). Many studies, however, do not separate male war casualties and flu fatalities.…”

“…A Supplementary material A1 Figure A1: Hospital beds in Bavaria 1910 and1918 Notes: The figure shows the number of hospital beds per 1,000 inhabitants in Bavaria 1910and 1918. Source: Bayerisches Statistisches Landesamt (1913.…”

The Political Effects of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic in Weimar Germany

“…The box plot for 1918 shows an even higher and more dispersed mortality rate resulting from the additional impact of the Spanish flu. It is estimated that the Spanish flu claimed between 240,000 and 442,300 lives in 1918, while around 380,000 people died as a result of WWI (Buchholz et al, 2016;Roesle, 1925). These figures are comparable to the mortality rates during earlier war years.…”

Are Community Acquired Respiratory Viral Infections an Underestimated Burden in Hematology Patients?

“…Similar estimates on a continental scale are difficult to obtain in Europe due to the large disparity between countries in terms of diagnosis and surveillance. However, national estimates are available, such as the systematic literature review performed by Buchholz et al on influenza pandemic deaths in Germany from 1918 to 2009; they estimated the influenza-related mortality to range from 426,000 (1918–1919) to 350 (2009) [23].…”