ToF‐SIMS analysis of model compounds of friction modifier adsorbed onto friction surfaces of ferrous materials

Murase, Atsushi; Ohmori, Takao

doi:10.1002/sia.969

Cited by 31 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The presence of metal cations at the substrate surface is of particular interest since the likelihood of reaction between iron oxide and carboxylic acid friction modifier resulting in the formation of a chemisorbed iron carboxylate film has been a topic of much debate amongst scientists in the field. Whilst it has been argued that the reaction to yield iron carboxylate is thermodynamically unfavourable [30], more recent surface analyses by techniques such as ToF-SIMS and FTIR support the formation of metal carboxylate [31][32][33].…”

Section: The Chemistry Of the Mica Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Study of Model Organic Friction Modifiers Using Liquid Cell AFM; Saturated and Mono-unsaturated Carboxylic Acids

et al. 2015

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Fatty acids and their derivatives have been used as model organic friction modifiers for almost a century, but there is still debate as to the nature of the boundary films that they form on rubbed surfaces. In this study, in situ liquid cell atomic force microscopy (AFM) is used to monitor the self-assembly of boundary films from solutions of fatty acids in alkanes on to mica surfaces. Because the mica surfaces are wholly immersed in solution it is possible to study directly changes in the morphology and friction of these films over time and during heating and cooling.It has been found that stearic and elaidic acid, that are able to adopt a linear molecular configurations, form irregular islands on mica that are tens to hundreds of microns in diameter and typically 1.6 nm thick, corresponding to domains of tilted single monolayers. At a relatively high concentration of 0.01M, stearic acid in hexadecane forms an almost complete monolayer, but at lower concentrations, in dodecane solution and for elaidic acid solutions these films remain incomplete after prolonged immersion of more than a day. The films formed by fatty acids on mica are displaced by repeated scanning in contact mode AFM but can be imaged without damage using tapping mode AFM.Rubbed quartz surfaces from a sliding ball-on-disc test were also scanned ex-situ using AFM and these showed that stearic acid forms similar monolayer island films on quartz in macroscale friction experiments as are found on mica.Oleic acid solutions behave quite differently from stearic acid and elaidic acid, forming irregular globular films on both mica and rubbed quartz surfaces. This is believed to be because its cis-double bond geometry means that, unlike its trans-isomer elaidic acid or saturated stearic acid, it is unable to adopt a linear molecular configuration and so is less able to form close-packed monolayers.

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Section: The Chemistry Of the Mica Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Study of Model Organic Friction Modifiers Using Liquid Cell AFM; Saturated and Mono-unsaturated Carboxylic Acids

et al. 2015

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“…Recently, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS) was introduced as a sophisticated surface analysis technique for tribological surfaces [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. The outline of the analysis is based on mass spectrum of compounds which exist on the surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Tribo-chemistry by means of Stable Isotopic Tracers: TOF-SIMS Analysis of Langmuir–Blodgett Films and Examination of their Tribological Properties

et al. 2005

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Deuterium-substituted and 13 C-substituted octadecanoic acids were applied to study tribo-chemistry of binary-component Langmuir-Blodgett film deposited on Si(100) surfaces. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy was employed to study structure of the film. The isotopic tracers give typical fragment ions composed of the isotopes. Among these typical fragment ions, we paid attention to quasi-molecular ions and deuterium ion as ''fingerprint region'' of the film structure. The tribological properties of the binary-component film were evaluated by ball-on-plate type tribo-testers. The combination of octadecanol with octadecanoic acid affords good tribological properties, whereas the combination of octadecylamine with the acid gave poor results. The surface analysis of the plate after the tribo-test revealed that the alcohol and the acid were retained on the track even after the rubbing. On the other hand simultaneous removal of the acid and the amine from the surfaces were observed. Interactions between the acid and the amine were considered by the results of the tribo-tests and the surface analysis of the binary-component film.

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“…In most cases some or all of these "targeted ions" were found in the data. Literature also indicates that the ratio of the C 3 H 5 + ion intensity relative to the Fe + ion intensity gives an indication of the amount of organic species adsorbed onto the surface [7]. This ratio was calculated for both the oleic and palmitic acid samples, as shown in Figure 4.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several techniques have been used to investigate tribological surfaces including grazing angle Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy [4,7], X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) [4,8], time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) [7,9] and atomic force microscopy (AFM) [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying Important Differences in Mass Spectra Generated by Secondary ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF–SIMS) in a Tribochemical Study

et al. 2014

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In order to better understand the lubricating properties of diesel fuel, species that were present on tribological surfaces were investigated using secondary ion time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). Traditionally, only certain species that are expected to be present at the interface are investigated and their presence or absence is used to make conclusions regarding the mechanism of lubrication. In this work an alternative and complementary approach to data analysis and interpretation is proposed, previously demonstrated for TOF-SIMS and based on multivariate analysis methods, where the mass spectral data are investigated more comprehensively. The main objective was to interpret variation within and between different areas of a tested surface and ultimately to contribute to the understanding of the tribochemical reactions that occur at the interface. The validity of this approach was confirmed when the palmitate ion (which would normally be targeted) was shown to contribute significantly (together with other ions) to chemical differences between scratched and unscratched areas of the surface.

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ToF‐SIMS analysis of model compounds of friction modifier adsorbed onto friction surfaces of ferrous materials

Cited by 31 publications

References 9 publications

In Situ Study of Model Organic Friction Modifiers Using Liquid Cell AFM; Saturated and Mono-unsaturated Carboxylic Acids

In Situ Study of Model Organic Friction Modifiers Using Liquid Cell AFM; Saturated and Mono-unsaturated Carboxylic Acids

Investigation of Tribo-chemistry by means of Stable Isotopic Tracers: TOF-SIMS Analysis of Langmuir–Blodgett Films and Examination of their Tribological Properties

Identifying Important Differences in Mass Spectra Generated by Secondary ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF–SIMS) in a Tribochemical Study

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