Tognolini 
<i>et al.</i>
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Tognolini, Silvia; Achilli, Simona; Longetti, Luca; Fava, Eleonora; Mariani, Carlo; Trioni, M. I.; Pagliara, Stefania

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.117.239702

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…These states have been investigated extensively for the clean Ir and Gr/Ir surfaces 10 . Earlier studies have conclusively demonstrated the spectral peak structure as arising from a resonant optical transition from the pair of Rashba-split surface states of the iridium substrate to the n=1 IPS of graphene 23,49 . However, the surface states may be strongly perturbed or eradicated by the mere presence of a trace amount of stray surface oxygen adsorbates 50 .…”

Section: Spectral Intensity Featuresmentioning

confidence: 98%

Excitation and characterization of image potential state electrons on quasi-free-standing graphene

Lin

Sadowski

et al. 2018

Phys. Rev. B

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We investigate the band structure of image potential states in quasi-free-standing graphene (QFG) monolayer islands using angle-resolved two-photon-photoemission spectroscopy (AR-2PPE). Direct probing by low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) shows that QFG is formed following oxygen intercalation into the graphene-Ir(111) interface. Despite the apparent decoupling of the monolayer graphene from the Ir substrate, we find that the binding energy of the n=1 image potential state on these QFG islands increases by 0.17 eV, as compared to the original Gr/Ir(111) interface. We use calculations based on density functional theory to construct an empirical, one-dimensional potential that quantitatively reproduces the image potential state binding energy and links the changes in the interface structure to the shift in energy. Specifically, two factors, arising from the presence of intercalated oxygen adatoms, contribute comparably to this energy shift: a deeper potential well and the increase in the graphene-Ir distance associated with a wider potential well. While image potential states have not been observed previously on QFG by photoemission, our work now demonstrates that they may be strongly excited in a well-defined QFG system produced by oxygen intercalation. This opens an opportunity for studying the surface electron dynamics in QFG systems, beyond those found in typical non-intercalated graphene-on-substrate systems.

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Section: Spectral Intensity Featuresmentioning

confidence: 98%

Excitation and characterization of image potential state electrons on quasi-free-standing graphene

Lin

Sadowski

et al. 2018

Phys. Rev. B

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“…Most of these studies were focused on the bulk electronic structure and on bulk‐derived surface states. The image potential states and especially the impact of spin–orbit interaction on these electronic features are investigated only recently in two experimental studies, [ 45,46 ] on Au(100) and on graphene‐covered Ir(111) but with controversial results. We show here in Figure 1 our calculational results for Ir(111) obtained for a photon energy of 9.9 eV with p‐polarized light.…”

Section: Ir(111) Pt(111) and Au(100)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tognolini et al obtained

E = 0.55

eV below

E_{Vac}

, where the measured value for the work function was

ϕ_{I r} = 4.45 \pm 0.05 eV

. [ 45 ] The left panel of Figure 1 shows the intensity pattern and in the right panel the corresponding Rashba component of the spin polarization is shown. In comparison with the experimental findings in previous studies [ 45,46 ] the splitting is very small with a value

Δ k

= 0.004

Å^{- 1}

.…”

Section: Ir(111) Pt(111) and Au(100)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 45 ] The left panel of Figure 1 shows the intensity pattern and in the right panel the corresponding Rashba component of the spin polarization is shown. In comparison with the experimental findings in previous studies [ 45,46 ] the splitting is very small with a value

Δ k

= 0.004

Å^{- 1}

. The corresponding Rashba parameter results in

α_{R}

= 0.005 eV Å.…”

Section: Ir(111) Pt(111) and Au(100)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Impact of Spin–Orbit Interaction on the Image States of High‐Z Materials

Braun

Ebert

2020

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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Due to many important technical developments over the past two decades angle‐resolved (inverse) photoemission has become the method of choice to study experimentally the bulk and surface‐related electronic states of solids in the most detailed way. Due to new powerful photon sources as well as efficient analyzers and detectors extremely high energy and angle resolution are achieved nowadays for spin‐integrated and also for spin‐resolved measurements. These developments allow in particular to explore the influence of spin–orbit coupling on image potential states of simple metals like Ir, Pt, or Au with a high atomic number as well as new types of materials as for example topological insulators. Herein, fully relativistic angle‐ and spin‐resolved inverse photoemission calculations are presented that make use of the spin‐density matrix formulation of the one‐step model. This way a quantitative analysis of all occupied and unoccupied electronic features in the vicinity of the Fermi level is achieved for a wide range of excitation energies. Using this approach, in addition, it is possible to deal with arbitrarily ordered but also disordered systems. Because of these features, the one‐step or spectral function approach to photoemission permits detailed theoretical studies on a large variety of interesting solid‐state systems.

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