Tohoku, Japan, Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011

Chock, Gary; Robertson, Ian; Kriebel, David L.; Francis, Mathew; Nistor, Ioan

doi:10.1061/9780784412497

Cited by 49 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The main scour related parameters such as scour depths and extent, geographical information, geometric parameters of the affected Coastal buildings, and tsunami inundation heights at various locations along the coastlines were collected from the above prefectures. The detailed post-tsunami field surveys were carried out by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism of Japan (2011), the Earthquake Engineering Field Investigation Team (2011) and the ASCE Team on Structural Performance (Chock et al, 2013). As seen in Figure 1, a majority of the data (79 %) was collected from Miyagi Prefecture.…”

Section: Field Survey Of Damaged Coastal Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami was widely felt, approximately 535 km 2 along the North Eastern Tohoku region inundated by the tsunami. Scouring around the edges of Coastal buildings were one of the structural damage instigators during the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami and poses a great threat to the structural performance of buildings, under tsunami wave loading conditions (Chock et al, 2013). Kazama and Noda (2012) carried out studies to identify the damages caused by the tsunami event and concluded that the most costly sector affected by the 2011 Tohoku tsunami was the building sector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Predictive Model for Scour Depth of Coastal Building Failures Due to Tsunamis

Nicholas

Jayaratne

Suzuki

et al. 2017

Int. Conf. Coastal. Eng.

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The 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami was one of the strongest earthquakes which generated a major tsunami in modern history. The tsunami disaster had an estimated cost of 16.9 trillion yen (US$ 217.3 billion) and affected the Coastal buildings, services, infrastructure and industrial sectors. Approximately 61% of damaged cost was from the building sector. A practical predictive scour depth model at seaward face was developed to highlight the scour failure of Coastal buildings in Miyagi, Fukushima and Iwate prefectures affected by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. The predictive model for representative scour depth was developed in terms of various hydraulic, geometrical and soil properties affecting Coastal buildings. An analysis was undertaken to investigate the effectiveness of the authorsâ€™ predictive scour model against the existing models. The results of the authorsâ€™ proposed model suggested that the tsunami velocity played a significant role on tsunami-induced scour, other scour models such as Tonkin et al.â€™s model (2003) is reliant on the accuracy of sub models and hydrodynamic forces while the Colorado State University model as modified by Nadal et al. (2010) is reliant on the geometric parameter of the structure.

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Section: Field Survey Of Damaged Coastal Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Predictive Model for Scour Depth of Coastal Building Failures Due to Tsunamis

Nicholas

Jayaratne

Suzuki

et al. 2017

Int. Conf. Coastal. Eng.

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“…As of 16 May 2011 the Japanese government communicated that the number of fully or partially collapsed buildings, essentially all due to the tsunami, is 126 800. According to Chock (2011), the cost of the damage and economic losses had reached about 309 billion US Dollars and the total number of fatalities and missing people was estimated at about 24 000. Chock (2011) also reported that the tsunami had imposed different types of loads on the buildings, including hydrostatic and hydrodynamic forces, debris damming and debris impact forces and scouring effects, which were sufficient to cause structural failures of low-to mid-rise buildings of any structural material.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of elements at risk for a credible tsunami event for Istanbul

Hancılar

2012

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Physical and social elements at risk are identified for a credible tsunami event for Istanbul. For this purpose, inundation maps resulting from probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis for a 10 % probability of exceedance in 50 yr are utilised in combination with the geo-coded inventories of building stock, lifeline systems and demographic data. The built environment on Istanbul's shorelines that is exposed to tsunami inundation comprises residential, commercial, industrial, public (governmental/municipal, schools, hospitals, sports and religious), infrastructure (car parks, garages, fuel stations, electricity transformer buildings) and military buildings, as well as piers and ports, gas tanks and stations and other urban elements (e.g., recreational facilities). Along the Marmara Sea shore, Tuzla shipyards and important port and petrochemical facilities at Ambarlı are expected to be exposed to tsunami hazard. Significant lifeline systems of the city of Istanbul such as natural gas, electricity, telecommunication and sanitary and waste-water transmission, are also under the threat of tsunamis. In terms of social risk, it is estimated that there are about 32 000 inhabitants exposed to tsunami hazard.

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“…The 2011 Great Eastern Japan Earthquake and Tsunami (TET) resulted in over fteen thousand casualties and an economic impact of over of $211 billion in direct damage (Kajitani et al, 2013). Scour is widely observed at, and often inferred as the cause of failed coastal structures from post event eld surveys (Chock et al, 2013;EEFIT, 2004EEFIT, , 2011Mori and Takahashi, 2012;Yeh et al, 2007). In order to improve mitigation against tsunami scour there is a need to understand its mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental observations of tsunami induced scour at onshore structures

McGovern

Todd

Rossetto

et al. 2019

Coastal Engineering

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Tsunami inundation of the coastal environment can induce scour at structure foundations leading to failure. A series of experiments are made using a unique Pneumatic Long Wave Generator to generate tsunami wave periods of 25-147 s equating to 3-17.3 mins at 1:50 Froude scale. The waves propagate over a sloping bathymetry and impinge upon a square structure founded onshore in a at sediment bed. Flow velocity, height and scour are recorded as a function of time during tsunami inundation. The rate of scour is observed to be time dependent. Equilibrium, which is not attained, is argued to be an inappropriate measure for time-dependent transient ows such as tsunami in which the ow velocity, depth and direction are variable. The maximum scour depth is recorded and critically is observed not to be equal to the nal depth due to signicant sediment slumping when ow velocities reduce in the latter stages of inundation. Current and wave scour predictor equations over predict the scour, while the ASCE 7-16 method under predicts. Comparisons with available data in the literature show longer inundation durations increase the amount of scour.

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Tohoku, Japan, Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011

Cited by 49 publications

References 10 publications

A Predictive Model for Scour Depth of Coastal Building Failures Due to Tsunamis

A Predictive Model for Scour Depth of Coastal Building Failures Due to Tsunamis

Identification of elements at risk for a credible tsunami event for Istanbul

Experimental observations of tsunami induced scour at onshore structures

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