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This paper investigates the language ideologies behind the graphic and graphemic representation of Tōhoku dialect in contemporary Japanese prose. Despite being negatively perceived, recent interest in this variety has prompted its inclusion in literary works. Analyzing ten novels, this research examines authors’ strategies in navigating the complexities of portraying the characteristics of Tōhoku dialect within the frame of the Japanese writing system. Emphasis is placed on the techniques used to represent non-standard phonology of this variety, such as the choice of script as well as other forms of visual representation. Based on the assumption that writers are also carriers of language ideologies (Spitzmüller 2012: 257), the ideological implications of these choices are also established. The findings indicate that while various strategies were employed, there is a tendency to choose hiragana and kanji over katakana, which emphasizes familiarity and the connection with standard Japanese, indicating the influence of the ideology of the national language. Practical factors, such as understandability for potential readers, also play an important role. Some techniques, such as the use of graphic symbols, perpetuate the stereotype about the incomprehensibility of the Tōhoku dialect.
This paper investigates the language ideologies behind the graphic and graphemic representation of Tōhoku dialect in contemporary Japanese prose. Despite being negatively perceived, recent interest in this variety has prompted its inclusion in literary works. Analyzing ten novels, this research examines authors’ strategies in navigating the complexities of portraying the characteristics of Tōhoku dialect within the frame of the Japanese writing system. Emphasis is placed on the techniques used to represent non-standard phonology of this variety, such as the choice of script as well as other forms of visual representation. Based on the assumption that writers are also carriers of language ideologies (Spitzmüller 2012: 257), the ideological implications of these choices are also established. The findings indicate that while various strategies were employed, there is a tendency to choose hiragana and kanji over katakana, which emphasizes familiarity and the connection with standard Japanese, indicating the influence of the ideology of the national language. Practical factors, such as understandability for potential readers, also play an important role. Some techniques, such as the use of graphic symbols, perpetuate the stereotype about the incomprehensibility of the Tōhoku dialect.
This article is a qualitative, ethnographically informed exploration of the relations between the Miyagi Oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and the diverse social actors of northeastern Japan (Tōhoku), namely local sea farmers, domestic immigrants, and tourists, in the aftermath of the 2011 “triple disaster” (the 2011 earthquake, tsunami, and related nuclear plant meltdown). I contend that the processes of post-disaster reconstruction have been significantly informed by the specific frames of human-oyster relations as they are developed in the sea farming bays of the municipality of Ishinomaki (Miyagi Prefecture). Individuating four fields of interest (environmental purity, experientiality, emic timeframes, and authenticity), I analyze the ongoing transformations prompted by the disaster on discourses of locality and self-representation and the interactions among local producers and non-local actors (visitors, volunteers, entrepreneurs) with the cycle of life of the Crassostrea. Within the interactions between locals and non-locals, the discursive characteristics of oyster sea farming in Miyagi are negotiated, shared, and contested through instances of transformative resilience during the progressive shift from “classic” modes of production towards the economies of domestic tourism, and the overlapping of local, bottom-up initiatives with organized top-down structures.
This paper gives an overview on several problems in fishing villages of Sanriku in thecourse of reconstruction after the tsunami disaster in March 2011. The focus is put on two communitieson the Eastern and Western side of Oshika peninsula to show differences in efforts and success.Furthermore, qualitative observations on the micro level are included, i.e. internal conflicts withincommunities and regional policy-making during the reconstruction process, to enable a more differentiated view on problems that local residents and communities have been facing since disaster
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