Token ring arbitration scheme for on-chip CDMA bus architectures

The Code-division multiple access (CDMA) method is commonly used as the network infrastructure in multi-core chips. One of its advantages is the simultaneous connection of all network components. Another advantage is the constant delay of this method. On the other hand, one drawback is that the number of transmitters is limited to the number of encoding bits. In this study, the authors used the combination of Walsh codes and their inverses, as well as the simultaneous application of the time-division multiple access (TDMA) method, to increase the transmission capacity of this protocol more than four times the standard mode. In the proposed design, although the circuit area does not increase significantly, a fourfold increase in the throughput of the CDMA network is seen. Using the method proposed in this study, it will be possible to increase the capacity further.

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“…In Ref. [18], a different arbitration technique is used to achieve high throughput and low latency data transmission in CDMA bus‐based SoCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced overloaded code division multiple access for network on chip

Vakili

Gholipour

2021

IET Computers & Digital Tech

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Aggregated CDMA Crossbar With Hybrid ARQ for NoCs

Farag

Ahmed

2022

IEEE Access

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Network-on-Chips (NoCs) are the dominant interconnection technique in modern Systemon-Chips (SoCs). NoC routers constitute the physical layer of on-chip interconnects while the medium access technique utilized in NoC routers profoundly impacts the performance and footprint of the router. Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) is one of the prominent access techniques employed in the physical layer crossbar of NoC routers. Adopted from the wireless communications realm, the CDMA-based crossbar relies on spreading the transmitted data bit on the physical channel using orthogonal codes, summing the data spread from various transmitters, then decoding the received sum using correlation decoders to extract the sent binary bit. However, due to multiple access interference and random channel effects notorious in wireless communications and following the same exact approach in on-chip CDMA interconnects, existing CDMA crossbars are bit-wise architectures where binary data bits are spread and serially communicated on an exclusive digital channel while replicating this configuration to communicate multi-bit packets which increases the crossbar area overhead. We advance an elegant modification to improve the area and power consumption of the classical CDMA crossbars. Aggregated CDMA (ACDMA) relies on high wiring density in modern SoCs in addition to its static nature and relative noise immunity to improve the classical CDMA crossbar architecture by aggregating the transmission of multiple data bits on the same channel which reduces the overhead of ordinary CDMA-based NoCs. In this work, the ACDMA mathematical foundations, crossbar hardware architecture, and full NoC realizations are presented. The implementation results on the 65 nm standardcell ASIC technology show a significant improvement in the resource utilization and power consumption of the ACDMA crossbar and ACDMA-based NoCs compared to the ordinary CDMA and CONNECT NoC counterparts. Moreover, the ACDMA interconnect reliability in AWGN channels is studied and improved using a hybrid ARQ approach tailored to the ACDMA crossbar.

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Development of Automation System for HDL Modeling of the Communication Subsystem for Networks-on-Chip

Lezhnev

2021

2021 International Russian Automation Conference (RusAutoCon)

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Token ring arbitration scheme for on-chip CDMA bus architectures

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

Enhanced overloaded code division multiple access for network on chip

Enhanced overloaded code division multiple access for network on chip

Aggregated CDMA Crossbar With Hybrid ARQ for NoCs

Development of Automation System for HDL Modeling of the Communication Subsystem for Networks-on-Chip

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