Tolerability and Efficacy of Dorzolamide Versus Acetazolamide added to Timolol

Abstract

This study found a greater incidence of systemic and CAI adverse experiences and discontinuations due to acetazolamide compared to dorzolamide.

Dorzolamide Chlorhydrate versus Acetazolamide in the Management of Chronic Macular Edema in Patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa: Description of Three Case Reports

“…A central foveal thickness was calculated as an average of the measurements obtained. A change of more than 16% in foveal thickness and more than 11% in foveal zone thickness were considered significant 9. We compared all subsequent retinal thicknesses.…”

“…The latter may appear in atrophic form (ie, cellophane maculopathy), or they may cause microcystic macular edema, leading to the increased permeability of the perifoveal capillary network 4. For the latter form, good results can be obtained through systemic administration of acetazolamide 9. Nevertheless its effectiveness is still controversial 5–8.…”

“…That is the reason why the frequent and important side effects of acetazolamide do not allow it to be administered for a prolonged period of time (3–5 days maximum). In fact, due to the distribution of carbonic anhydrase throughout the whole organism, it is possible to observe alterations involving different systems: at the renal level, it is possible to develop calculi, and both polyuria and nycturia can be present (especially at the beginning of the treatment); at the digestive level, gastric and intestinal problems often occur, sometimes accompanied by diarrhea; at the hematic level, hypokalemia may arise due to the renal excretion of K+ followed by experiences of general discomfort, acidosis and, in very rare cases, agranulocytosis; paraesthesia at limb extremities is very common 8,9…”

Biophysical, Biochemical, and Cell Based Approaches Used to Decipher the Role of Carbonic Anhydrases in Cancer and to Evaluate the Potency of Targeted Inhibitors

“…This difference in expression pattern makes the design of isoform selective CA inhibitors, which specifically target the tumor-associated isoforms an important undertaking [ 26 ]. Acetazolamide, a sulfonamide and the first clinically approved CA targeting drug for the treatment of glaucoma, is not selective and targets most CA isoforms [ 27 – 29 ]. Yet, two other sulfonamide based, CA targeting, small molecule inhibitors (SLC-0111 and indisulam) are currently in phase II clinical trials for the treatment of solid tumors [ 30 – 33 ].…”

Palmitoylethanolamide Effects on Intraocular Pressure After Nd:YAG Laser Iridotomy: An Experimental Clinical Study

“…16 The majority of these systemic treatments did not have the desirable therapeutic effects except for oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors that are capable of preventing pressure rises in the treated patients. 16 Cabonic anhydrase inhibitors are not always well tolerated by the patients 17,18 and the topic treatments do not always decrease the IOP enough. Moreover, all the authors agreed that an increase in the postsurgical IOP can be dangerous in glaucomatous patients.…”