Tolérance au déficit hydrique de cinq espèces prioritaires pour le reboisement au Burkina Faso

Kagambèga, François Wenemi; Nana, Rasmata; Bayen, Philippe; Thiombiano, Adjima; Boussim, Joseph Issaka

doi:10.25518/1780-4507.18199

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Cela montre la grande résistance des cellules de C. adscendens à une perte d'eau. Selon Kagambèga et al (2019), l'évaluation de la teneur en eau des tissus constitue un paramètre de référence de la prédiction du déficit hydrique qui s'exprime par les pertes de turgescence de tissus végétaux. Cette stratégie regroupe l'ensemble des mécanismes qui permettent à la plante de maintenir un potentiel hydrique plus élevé en évitant la déshydratation des tissus et le maintien de son métabolisme cellulaire.…”

Section: Pression Osmotiqueunclassified

Ecologie et mécanismes d’adaptation à la sécheresse de Caralluma adscendens N.E.Br. à l’Ouest du Burkina Faso

Tindano,

Traore,

Ouoba

2024

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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Les inselbergs sont des affleurements rocheux caractérisés par la précarité de leurs facteurs édaphiques et microclimatiques. Ce sont des biotopes dont les espèces qui les colonisent ont la capacité de s’adapter à ce type d’environnement. C’est ce qui justifie l’étude sur Caralluma adscendens qui est l’une des espèces fréquentes sur les inselbergs du Burkina Faso. L’objectif de cette étude est de contribuer à la connaissance de l’écologie et des mécanismes d’adaptation de l’espèce à l’environnement xérique. Pour ce faire, une caractérisation des communautés végétales à C. adscendens s’est faite à l’aide de données floristiques collectées sur la base d’un échantillonnage orienté. Pour l’étude des mécanismes d’adaptation, plusieurs caractères physiologiques et morphologiques ont été évalués. Le cortège floristique des communautés végétales à C. adscendens est de 57 espèces réparties dans 45 genres et 23 familles dont les Poaceae (30%), les Fabaceae-Faboideae (12%) et les Cyperaceae (7%) sont les mieux représentées. Les mécanismes d’adaptation mis en place par l’espèce sont, la réduction des feuilles en feuilles vestigiales, le transfert des stomates des feuilles aux tiges, le nombre réduit de stomate par mm² et la grande capacité de rétention d’eau de l’espèce. Ces résultats témoignent la résistance de l’espèce à une perte d’eau importante et sa capacité à s’adapter à un environnement xérique. Inselbergs are rocky outcrops characterised by precarious edaphic and microclimatic factors. They are biotopes in which the species that colonise them are able to adapt to this type of environment. This justifies the study of Caralluma adscendens, which is one of the most common species found on inselbergs of Burkina Faso. The aim of this study was to contribute to our knowledge of the ecology and adaptation mechanisms of the species to the xeric environment. To this end, the plant communities of C. adscendens were characterised using floristic data collected on the basis of targeted sampling. Several physiological and morphological characteristics were assessed to study the adaptation mechanisms. The floristic assemblage of plant communities with C. adscendens comprises 57 species in 45 genera and 23 families, of which Poaceae (30%), Fabaceae-Faboideae (12%) and Cyperaceae (7%) were the best represented. The adaptation mechanisms put in place by the species were the reduction of leaves to vestigial leaves, the transfer of stomata from the leaves to the stems, the reduced number of stomata per mm² and the species' high water retention capacity. These results demonstrate the species' resistance to significant water loss and its ability to adapt to a xeric environment.

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Section: Pression Osmotiqueunclassified

Ecologie et mécanismes d’adaptation à la sécheresse de Caralluma adscendens N.E.Br. à l’Ouest du Burkina Faso

Tindano,

Traore,

Ouoba

2024

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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“…When plants were in a vegetative state (50 days after planting), above-ground plant materials were cut at soil level and above-ground dry biomass of the plants was determined after drying in an oven at 65°C for 72 h using a precision balance (0.01g). These parameters provide a better understanding of the mechanism adopted by each species under conditions of water deficit combined with competition and thus help to evaluate species adaptation potential (Kagambèga et al 2019).…”

Section: Measured Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To characterize and compare the degrees of tolerance of the different species to water deficit, the stress sensitivity index (SSI) was calculated at the end of the experiment following the different regimes. In this study, the stress sensitivity index developed by Fischer and Maurer (1978) was used because it is successfully applied in many studies (Nana et al 2009;Kagambèga et al 2019) and was determined from the height of the plant species using the formula below:…”

Section: Sensitivity Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a plant is tolerant when it can maintain its metabolic activity under low water potentials (Kagambèga et al 2019). The species with the lowest sensitivity index to water stress, in decreasing order, were A. Gayanus, P. pedicellatum, and C. Mimosoides suggest that these species are the most tolerant to water deficits.…”

Section: Effect Of Water Stress On Plant's Height and Above-ground Bi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the competitive ability of the invader Senna obtusifolia with coexisting natives species under different water stress regimes

et al. 2022

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Invasive species tend to pose a threat to ecosystem biodiversity, functioning, and ecosystem service provision. This study was conducted in Burkina Faso to assess the competitiveness of an invasive species Senna obtusifolia that is a less palatable legume plant in West African Sahelian rangelands. To address the research hypothesis that the recurrent drought in the Sahel results in S. obtusifolia being more competitive in the land invasion, we conducted an interspecific competition involving S. obtusifolia and 3 herbaceous species (Andropogon gayanus, Chamaecrista mimosoides, and Pennisetum pedicellatum) in a greenhouse experiment under four water stress regimes using a replacement series design. The height and biomass of each species were measured throughout four months experiment. In the severe water regime, S. obtusifolia was the most sensitive to water deficit while the 3 other species were found to be resistant. In addition, in all water regimes, the aggressivity index revealed that S. obtusifolia was less competitive than the grass species A. gayanus and P. pedicellatum. Further, the study discovered that drought in the Sahel made S. obtusifolia more vulnerable than the other species. Hence the invasion of Sahelian rangelands by S. obtusifolia could be favored by overgrazing that reduces fodder species' dominance and competitiveness. Good management of sahelian rangelands by controlling grazing could help to reduce S. obtusifolia invasion and provide more fodder for livestock.

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“…This confirms our results for certain genotypes such as V16, V22, V28, V8 and V19 which presented a small number of pods and a low biomass (Figure 1). In fact, the results of [23] on the analysis of the tolerance to water deficit of five different species indicated that the morpho-physiological parameters of plants were negatively affected by water restriction, except some species such as Acacia senegal which have shown their performance due to their low sensitivity to water stress. The most tolerants varieties in our study are V2, V7, V9, V24, V32, V35 and V36 (Figure 1).…”

Section: Comparison Of Some Growth Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Drought on Various Agro-physical Parameters of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes in a Field Experiment

Khadraji¹,

Hari²,

Houasli³

et al. 2021

CBE

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Drought stress is one of the major factors limiting the growth and development of legumes. In order to improve water deficit tolerance of this crop, several techniques have been put into practice such as seed priming or the selection of tolerant genotypes to water stress. In 2020, field experiment was conducted to assess the drought tolerance of thirty-six chickpea genotypes (C. arietinum) by analyzing the behaviour of certain physiological and biochemical parameters of plants harvested in a randomized field experiment. The genotypes analysed presented a diversity of behavior concerning the accumulation of mineral elements under drought. The results showed an accumulation of inorganic ions, especially calcium and potassium (1.8 and 2 mg.g -1 , respectively) and increased proline and protein content (3.4 and 1.7 mg.g -1 , respectively) has been observed in drought tolerant chickpea genotypes. Also, the results obtained showed that the P contents in the aerial parts are generally higher for plants with a high biomass, such as the case of genotypes V36 and V32. This tends to prove the positive effect of P on plant growth. After analysis of the various parameters, the results obtained allowed us to classify the tolerant genotypes:, V36, V38 andV41, intermediates: V40 and V4 and sensitive: V17 and V28.

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Tolérance au déficit hydrique de cinq espèces prioritaires pour le reboisement au Burkina Faso

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Ecologie et mécanismes d’adaptation à la sécheresse de <i>Caralluma adscendens</i> N.E.Br. à l’Ouest du Burkina Faso

Ecologie et mécanismes d’adaptation à la sécheresse de <i>Caralluma adscendens</i> N.E.Br. à l’Ouest du Burkina Faso

Assessing the competitive ability of the invader Senna obtusifolia with coexisting natives species under different water stress regimes

Effect of Drought on Various Agro-physical Parameters of Chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i> L.) Genotypes in a Field Experiment

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Tolérance au déficit hydrique de cinq espèces prioritaires pour le reboisement au Burkina Faso

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Ecologie et mécanismes d’adaptation à la sécheresse de <i>Caralluma adscendens</i> N.E.Br. à l’Ouest du Burkina Faso

Ecologie et mécanismes d’adaptation à la sécheresse de <i>Caralluma adscendens</i> N.E.Br. à l’Ouest du Burkina Faso

Assessing the competitive ability of the invader Senna obtusifolia with coexisting natives species under different water stress regimes

Effect of Drought on Various Agro-physical Parameters of Chickpea (&lt;i&gt;Cicer arietinum&lt;/i&gt; L.) Genotypes in a Field Experiment

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Effect of Drought on Various Agro-physical Parameters of Chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i> L.) Genotypes in a Field Experiment